{"doi":"10.1006/meth.1996.0395","title":"Interleukin-12: An Immunoregulatory Cytokine Produced by B Cells and Antigen-Presenting Cells","abstract":null,"journal":"Methods","year":1997,"id":590024,"datarank":3.363424847434027,"base_score":3.8918202981106265,"endowment":3.8918202981106265,"self_citation_contribution":0.5837730447165941,"citation_network_contribution":2.779651802717433,"self_endowment_contribution":0.5837730447165941,"citer_contribution":2.779651802717433,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":48,"citer_count":48,"citers_with_citation_signal":44,"citers_with_endowment":44,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":882339,"name":"Xiaojing Ma","orcid":"0000-0002-3584-0769","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1509658,"name":"Giorgia Gri","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1509659,"name":"Louise Showe","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":806102,"name":"David Benjamin","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":239671,"name":"Giorgio Trinchieri","orcid":"0000-0001-5892-7464","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1509657,"name":"Alexandrina Sartori","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Interleukin-12: An Immunoregulatory Cytokine Produced by B Cells and Antigen-Presenting Cells","abstract":"Interleukin 12 (IL-12) is a heterodimeric protein produced by B cells, phagocytic cells, and other antigen-presenting cells. IL-12 was originally purified from the supernatant fluids of human EBV-transformed cell lines and later observed to be produced by the large majority of such cell lines, especially and at high levels from those derived from AIDS-associated lymphomas. However, phagocytic cells rather than B cells appear to be the most important physiological producers of IL-12. There are two pathways of IL-12 induction in phagocytic cells: a T-cell-independent one, induced primarily by bacteria, bacterial products, or intracellular parasites and important in the early inflammatory response of innate resistance; and a T-cell-dependent one, induced by the interaction of CD40L on activated T cells with CD40 receptor on IL-12-producing cells (phagocytic cells and antigen-presenting cells) and important in the regulation of adaptive immunity. IL-12 induces production of cytokines, especially interferon-gamma, from both T and NK cells, enhances the cytotoxic activity of NK cells and the generation of cytotoxic T cells, and has a proliferative activity on T and NK cells. Both in vivo and in vitro, IL-12 is a powerful inducer of T helper type 1 (Th1) response, whereas it inhibits Th2-type responses.","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":3.8918202981106265,"endowment":3.8918202981106265,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"8990097","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2002809032","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":2.1403,"citation_percentile":0.87443558,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2012,"count":3},{"year":2013,"count":3},{"year":2016,"count":1},{"year":2018,"count":1},{"year":2022,"count":2},{"year":2023,"count":1},{"year":2025,"count":1}],"oa_status":"closed","license":"https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1046202396903953?httpAccept=text/xml","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S1046202396903953?httpAccept=text/plain","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1006/meth.1996.0395","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8990097","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11390/1039430","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11585/847977","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Immune Cell Function and Interaction","T-cell and Retrovirus Studies","Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research"],"mesh_terms":["Antigen-Presenting Cells","B-Lymphocytes","Cell Line","Gene Expression Regulation","Humans","Immunity, Cellular","Interferon-gamma","Phorbol Esters","T-Lymphocytes","Transformation, Genetic","HIV Infections","Interleukin-12","CD40 Antigens"],"keywords":["Cytotoxic T cell","CD40","Interleukin 12","Interleukin 21","Antigen-presenting cell","Biology","Natural killer T cell","IL-2 receptor","Interleukin 3","Antigen","Cell biology","T cell","Acquired immune system","Antigen presentation","Immunology","Immune system","In vitro","Biochemistry"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-24T12:26:57.392727Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}