{"doi":"10.1002/wrna.1626","title":"<scp>RNA</scp> structures in alternative splicing and back‐splicing","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Alternative splicing greatly expands the transcriptomic and proteomic diversities related to physiological and developmental processes in higher eukaryotes. Splicing of long noncoding RNAs, and back‐ and <jats:italic>trans</jats:italic>‐ splicing further expanded the regulatory repertoire of alternative splicing. RNA structures were shown to play an important role in regulating alternative splicing and back‐splicing. Application of novel sequencing technologies made it possible to identify genome‐wide RNA structures and interaction networks, which might provide new insights into RNA splicing regulation in vitro to in vivo. The emerging transcription–folding–splicing paradigm is changing our understanding of RNA alternative splicing regulation. Here, we review the insights into the roles and mechanisms of RNA structures in alternative splicing and back‐splicing, as well as how disruption of these structures affects alternative splicing and then leads to human diseases.</jats:p><jats:p>This article is categorized under:<jats:list list-type=\"simple\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>RNA Processing &gt; Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing</jats:p></jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>RNA Structure and Dynamics &gt; Influence of RNA Structure in Biological Systems</jats:p></jats:list-item>\n</jats:list></jats:p>","journal":"WIREs RNA","year":2021,"id":18815,"datarank":1.5994656510766974,"base_score":4.127134385045092,"endowment":4.127134385045092,"self_citation_contribution":0.6190701577567639,"citation_network_contribution":0.9803954933199336,"self_endowment_contribution":0.6190701577567639,"citer_contribution":0.9803954933199336,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":61,"citer_count":56,"citers_with_citation_signal":49,"citers_with_endowment":49,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":129489,"name":"Yijun Meng","orcid":"0000-0002-4654-0622","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":129490,"name":"Yongfeng Jin","orcid":"0000-0001-7125-7055","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":129488,"name":"Bingbing Xu","orcid":"0000-0002-4366-5702","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"base_score":4.127134385045092,"endowment":4.127134385045092,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"32929887","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W3085088223","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","grant_id":"91740104","title":null},{"funder_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","grant_id":"91940303","title":null},{"funder_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","grant_id":"31630089","title":null}],"total_grants":3,"fwci":2.834,"citation_percentile":0.91731682,"influential_citations":1,"citation_trend":[{"year":2021,"count":6},{"year":2022,"count":12},{"year":2023,"count":16},{"year":2024,"count":12},{"year":2025,"count":10},{"year":2026,"count":5}],"oa_status":"closed","license":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/wrna.1626","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/wrna.1626","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://wires.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/wrna.1626","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wrna.1626","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32929887","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["RNA Research and Splicing","RNA modifications and cancer","RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms","Biology","Medicine","Alternative Splicing","Humans","Proteomics","RNA Splicing","RNA, Long Noncoding","Transcriptome"],"mesh_terms":["Humans","RNA Splicing","Alternative Splicing","Proteomics","Transcriptome","RNA, Long Noncoding"],"keywords":["RNA splicing","Alternative splicing","Minigene","Exonic splicing enhancer","RNA","Computational biology","Biology","Splicing factor","SR protein","Genetics","Exon","Gene","Mechanism","Regulation","RNA structure","Back-splicing","High-throughput Structure Sequencing","Long-range Rna Pairing"],"sdg_mappings":[],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-06-03T23:48:41.039548Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}