{"doi":"10.1002/ptr.4976","title":"6‐Gingerol Inhibits Rosiglitazone‐Induced Adipogenesis in 3T3‐L1 Adipocytes","abstract":"<jats:p>We investigated the effects of 6‐gingerol ((S)‐5‐hydroxy‐1‐(4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxyphenyl)‐3‐decanone) on the inhibition of rosiglitazone (RGZ)‐induced adipogenesis in 3T3‐L1 cells. The morphological changes were photographed based on staining lipid accumulation by Oil‐Red O in RGZ (1 µmol/l)‐treated 3T3‐L1 cells without or with various concentrations of 6‐gingerol on differentiation day 8. Quantitation of triglycerides content was performed in cells on day 8 after differentiation induction. Differentiated cells were lysed to detect mRNA and protein levels of adipocyte‐specific transcription factors by real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis, respectively. 6‐gingerol (50 µmol/l) effectively suppressed oil droplet accumulation and reduced the sizes of the droplets in RGZ‐induced adipocyte differentiation in 3T3‐L1 cells. The triglyceride accumulation induced by RGZ in differentiated 3T3‐L1 cells was also reduced by 6‐gingerol (50 µmol/l). Treatment of differentiated 3T3‐L1 cells with 6‐gingerol (50 µmol/l) antagonized RGZ‐induced gene expression of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR)γ and CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein α. Additionally, the increased levels of mRNA and protein in adipocyte‐specific fatty acid binding protein 4 and fatty acid synthase induced by RGZ in 3T3‐L1 cells were decreased upon treatment with 6‐gingerol. Our data suggests that 6‐gingerol may be beneficial in obesity, by reducing adipogenesis partly through the down‐regulating PPARγ activity. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.</jats:p>","journal":"Phytotherapy Research","year":2014,"id":34193,"datarank":2.0879328069719048,"base_score":3.7612001156935624,"endowment":3.7612001156935624,"self_citation_contribution":0.5641800173540344,"citation_network_contribution":1.5237527896178704,"self_endowment_contribution":0.5641800173540344,"citer_contribution":1.5237527896178704,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":42,"citer_count":42,"citers_with_citation_signal":38,"citers_with_endowment":38,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":177455,"name":"Chia Ju Chang","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":177456,"name":"I‐Min Liu","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":177454,"name":"Thing‐Fong Tzeng","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"base_score":3.7612001156935624,"endowment":3.7612001156935624,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"23519881","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2145183505","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"National Science Council","grant_id":"NSC 101-2324-B-127-001-CC2","title":null}],"total_grants":1,"fwci":3.4919,"citation_percentile":0.91832801,"influential_citations":2,"citation_trend":[{"year":2013,"count":1},{"year":2015,"count":3},{"year":2016,"count":4},{"year":2017,"count":1},{"year":2018,"count":6},{"year":2019,"count":2},{"year":2020,"count":3},{"year":2021,"count":7},{"year":2022,"count":8},{"year":2023,"count":3},{"year":2025,"count":2},{"year":2026,"count":2}],"oa_status":"closed","license":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fptr.4976","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ptr.4976","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.4976","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23519881","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Ginger and Zingiberaceae research","Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors","Mangiferin and Mango Extracts","Biology","Medicine","3T3-L1 Cells","Adipocytes","Adipogenesis","Animals","CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha","Catechols","Cell Differentiation","Down-Regulation","Fatty Acid Synthases","Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins","Fatty Alcohols","Mice","Obesity","PPAR gamma","RNA, Messenger","Rosiglitazone","Thiazolidinediones","Triglycerides"],"mesh_terms":["Rosiglitazone","Animals","Catechols","Cell Differentiation","Fatty Alcohols","Obesity","RNA, Messenger","Triglycerides","Down-Regulation","Adipocytes","CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha","3T3-L1 Cells","Thiazolidinediones","PPAR gamma","Adipogenesis","Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins","Mice","Fatty Acid Synthases"],"keywords":["Adipogenesis","Rosiglitazone","Oil Red O","3T3-L1","Adipocyte","Lipid droplet","Chemistry","Peroxisome","Biochemistry","Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor","Molecular biology","Endocrinology","Receptor","Biology","Adipose tissue","3T3-L1 cells","Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ","6-Gingerol"],"sdg_mappings":[],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-06-09T17:55:32.761473Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}