{"doi":"10.1002/ps.6119","title":"Differential development times of galls induced by <i>Leptocybe invasa</i> (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) reveal differences in susceptibility between two <i>Eucalyptus</i> clones","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND</jats:title><jats:p>The significance of morphological responses of hosts on susceptibility against gall‐inducing insects is relatively unknown, especially in planted forests. Here, we investigate the temporal morphological responses (gall development) induced by the invasive gall wasp <jats:italic>Leptocybe invasa</jats:italic> and the subsequent insect development in two <jats:italic>Eucalyptus</jats:italic> clones.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS</jats:title><jats:p>Our results identified a novel stage of gall development, not previously reported, termed here ‘brownish ring’. In both hosts similar gall development stages were observed. Although <jats:italic>L. invasa</jats:italic> oviposited in both clones, comparison of external morphological traits of galls over time revealed a differential response in the number of galls between clones. Comparison of the developmental time of each gall and insect stage between clones suggests that plant defense mechanisms against <jats:italic>L. invasa</jats:italic> are activated shortly after oviposition by the wasp, yet before gall formation.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION</jats:title><jats:p>Gall number is an important parameter that should be used to measure host susceptibility among <jats:italic>Eucalyptus</jats:italic> clones. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study showing differential morphological responses induced by a galling insect, even before gall formation, revealing differences in susceptibility between different plant hosts. These findings provide insight into the use of early stages of gall formation by <jats:italic>L. invasa</jats:italic> to prevent invasion and establishment of this pest.</jats:p></jats:sec>","journal":"Pest Management Science","year":2021,"id":681113,"datarank":0.41588830833596724,"base_score":2.772588722239781,"endowment":2.772588722239781,"self_citation_contribution":0.41588830833596724,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.41588830833596724,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":15,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1779550,"name":"Glória Pinto","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1779551,"name":"Wagner L Araújo","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1779552,"name":"Renata C Silva","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1779553,"name":"Carlos Henrique O Lima","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1779554,"name":"Amadeu MVM Soares","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1779555,"name":"Renato A Sarmento","orcid":"0000-0002-5379-9595","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1779549,"name":"Maíra Ignacio Sarmento","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Differential development times of galls induced by <i>Leptocybe invasa</i> (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) reveal differences in susceptibility between two <i>Eucalyptus</i> clones","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND</jats:title><jats:p>The significance of morphological responses of hosts on susceptibility against gall‐inducing insects is relatively unknown, especially in planted forests. Here, we investigate the temporal morphological responses (gall development) induced by the invasive gall wasp <jats:italic>Leptocybe invasa</jats:italic> and the subsequent insect development in two <jats:italic>Eucalyptus</jats:italic> clones.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS</jats:title><jats:p>Our results identified a novel stage of gall development, not previously reported, termed here ‘brownish ring’. In both hosts similar gall development stages were observed. Although <jats:italic>L. invasa</jats:italic> oviposited in both clones, comparison of external morphological traits of galls over time revealed a differential response in the number of galls between clones. Comparison of the developmental time of each gall and insect stage between clones suggests that plant defense mechanisms against <jats:italic>L. invasa</jats:italic> are activated shortly after oviposition by the wasp, yet before gall formation.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION</jats:title><jats:p>Gall number is an important parameter that should be used to measure host susceptibility among <jats:italic>Eucalyptus</jats:italic> clones. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study showing differential morphological responses induced by a galling insect, even before gall formation, revealing differences in susceptibility between different plant hosts. These findings provide insight into the use of early stages of gall formation by <jats:italic>L. invasa</jats:italic> to prevent invasion and establishment of this pest.</jats:p></jats:sec>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"openalex_id":null,"authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico","grant_id":"204521/2014‐9","title":null},{"funder_name":"Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior","grant_id":"88881.062227/2014‐2101 for G. Pinto and A058_2013 for A.M.V.M. 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