{"doi":"10.1002/ps.1905","title":"Characterisation and toxicity of <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> strains from hazelnut pests and fields","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>BACKGROUND:</jats:bold> In order to find and identify more toxic insecticidal <jats:italic>Bacillus thuringiensis</jats:italic> Berliner (<jats:italic>Bt</jats:italic>) strains, a survey was carried out of <jats:italic>B. thuringiensis</jats:italic> isolate pests belonging to Coleoptera, Lepidoptera and Diptera and from soils in hazelnut fields. Of 16 isolates having <jats:italic>Bacillus cereus</jats:italic>‐<jats:italic>B. thuringiensis</jats:italic> morphology, eight were classified as <jats:italic>B. thuringiensis</jats:italic> because of the production of parasporal δ‐endotoxin crystals.</jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS:</jats:bold> In this study, eight isolates of <jats:italic>B. thuringiensis</jats:italic> from hazelnut pests (isolates Bn1, Mm2, Mnd and Xd3) and from hazelnut soils (isolates 6, 27, 40 and 46) have been characterised in detail. These isolates were compared with reference strains by electron microscopy, SDS‐PAGE analysis, <jats:italic>cry</jats:italic> gene content, serological test and insecticidal activity.</jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSION:</jats:bold> Results indicate that Bn1 and MnD are <jats:italic>B. thuringiensis</jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic>kurstaki</jats:italic>, and Mm2 and Xd3 are <jats:italic>B. thuringiensis</jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic>tenebrionis</jats:italic>. In addition, isolate 6 is <jats:italic>B. thuringiensis</jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic>israelensis</jats:italic>, isolates 27 and 46 are <jats:italic>B. thuringiensis</jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic>kumamotoensis</jats:italic> and isolate 40 is <jats:italic>B. thuringiensis</jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic>indiana</jats:italic>. The four <jats:italic>B. thuringiensis</jats:italic> isolates from hazelnut pests may be valuable as biological control agents against coleopteran and lepidopteran insects. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry</jats:p>","journal":"Pest Management Science","year":2010,"id":674706,"datarank":0.24141568686511508,"base_score":1.6094379124341003,"endowment":1.6094379124341003,"self_citation_contribution":0.24141568686511508,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.24141568686511508,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":4,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1762844,"name":"Hatice Kati","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1762845,"name":"Hacer Muratoglu","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1762846,"name":"Zihni Demirbag","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1762842,"name":"Kazim Sezen","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Characterisation and toxicity of <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> strains from hazelnut pests and fields","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>BACKGROUND:</jats:bold> In order to find and identify more toxic insecticidal <jats:italic>Bacillus thuringiensis</jats:italic> Berliner (<jats:italic>Bt</jats:italic>) strains, a survey was carried out of <jats:italic>B. thuringiensis</jats:italic> isolate pests belonging to Coleoptera, Lepidoptera and Diptera and from soils in hazelnut fields. Of 16 isolates having <jats:italic>Bacillus cereus</jats:italic>‐<jats:italic>B. thuringiensis</jats:italic> morphology, eight were classified as <jats:italic>B. thuringiensis</jats:italic> because of the production of parasporal δ‐endotoxin crystals.</jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS:</jats:bold> In this study, eight isolates of <jats:italic>B. thuringiensis</jats:italic> from hazelnut pests (isolates Bn1, Mm2, Mnd and Xd3) and from hazelnut soils (isolates 6, 27, 40 and 46) have been characterised in detail. These isolates were compared with reference strains by electron microscopy, SDS‐PAGE analysis, <jats:italic>cry</jats:italic> gene content, serological test and insecticidal activity.</jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSION:</jats:bold> Results indicate that Bn1 and MnD are <jats:italic>B. thuringiensis</jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic>kurstaki</jats:italic>, and Mm2 and Xd3 are <jats:italic>B. thuringiensis</jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic>tenebrionis</jats:italic>. In addition, isolate 6 is <jats:italic>B. thuringiensis</jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic>israelensis</jats:italic>, isolates 27 and 46 are <jats:italic>B. thuringiensis</jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic>kumamotoensis</jats:italic> and isolate 40 is <jats:italic>B. thuringiensis</jats:italic> subsp. <jats:italic>indiana</jats:italic>. The four <jats:italic>B. thuringiensis</jats:italic> isolates from hazelnut pests may be valuable as biological control agents against coleopteran and lepidopteran insects. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry</jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":1.6094379124341003,"endowment":1.6094379124341003,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"20024949","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W1980181180","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":0.0,"citation_percentile":0.08627024,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2013,"count":1},{"year":2015,"count":1},{"year":2017,"count":1},{"year":2019,"count":1}],"oa_status":"closed","license":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fps.1905","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ps.1905","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.1905","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20024949","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Insect Resistance and Genetics","Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research","Entomopathogenic Microorganisms in Pest Control"],"mesh_terms":["Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins","Animals","Bacillus thuringiensis","Bacterial Proteins","DNA, Bacterial","DNA, Ribosomal","Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel","Endotoxins","Hemolysin Proteins","Insecta","Microscopy, Electron","Pest Control, Biological","Serologic Tests","Corylus"],"keywords":["Bacillus thuringiensis","Biology","Bacillales","Lepidoptera genitalia","Biopesticide","Bacillaceae","Biological pest control","Cereus","Bacillus cereus","Microbiology","Botany","Pesticide","Bacteria","Agronomy"],"sdg_mappings":[],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-16T17:52:24.565616Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}