{"doi":"10.1002/ppul.25630","title":"Differences in clinical and laboratory biomarkers for short and long‐term respiratory outcomes in preterm neonates","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Pulmonary outcome of premature neonates has focused more on short-term than long-term respiratory morbidities. OBJECTIVE: Describe risk factors/biomarkers associated with short-term (bronchopulmonary dysplasia [BPD]) (supplemental oxygen use at 36 weeks postmenstrual age [PMA]) and longer-term (chronic respiratory morbidity [CRM]) (respiratory related symptoms, medications, medical/emergency visits, hospitalizations at 6-12 months corrected gestational age [CGA]) respiratory outcomes in a longitudinal cohort. DESIGN/METHODS: Neonates born at 24-29-week gestation were prospectively followed to 6-12-month CGA. Associations between clinical and laboratory risk factors/biomarkers of BPD and CRM were explored. RESULTS: Of 86 subjects, 94% survived. Outcomes were available for 89% at 36-week PMA (BPD present in 42% of infants) and 72% at 6-12-month CGA (CRM present in 47% of infants). For the 54 infants with known outcomes for both BPD and CRM, diagnoses were discordant in 41%. BPD was associated with lower birthweight and birthweight Z-score for GA, lower Apgar scores, more surfactant doses, higher SNAPPE-II scores, highest Day 1 inspired oxygen concentration, Day 7 oxygen use, prolonged ventilatory support, bacteremia, necrotizing enterocolitis, and treated patent ductus arteriosus. CRM was associated with lower Apgar scores, Day 7 oxygen use and higher urine vascular endothelial growth factor. Patterns of plasma and urine lipid oxidation products differed in the two outcomes. CONCLUSION: In this hypothesis generating and exploratory study, BPD and CRM were associated with different risk factors/biomarker patterns. Concordance between these two outcomes was weak. Strategies for reducing CRM should be studied in cohorts identified by appropriate early risk factors/biomarkers.","journal":"Pediatric Pulmonology","year":2021,"id":205038,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":3,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.956,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":60905,"name":"Janis L. Breeze","orcid":"0000-0002-5458-1010","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2306,"name":"Norma Terrin","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":339236,"name":"Lynette K. Rogers","orcid":"0000-0003-3413-5379","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":599905,"name":"Carolyn M. Salafia","orcid":"0000-0003-4017-960X","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":787931,"name":"Anne Greenough","orcid":"0000-0002-8672-5349","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":593540,"name":"Jonathan M. Davis","orcid":"0000-0001-5209-9768","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":381633,"name":"Richard B. Parad","orcid":"0000-0002-4326-0609","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":34,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:51:30.197308Z","pmid":"34437765","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}