{"doi":"10.1002/pds.5384","title":"<scp>US</scp> emergency department visits for acute harms from <scp>over‐the‐counter</scp> cough and cold medications, 2017–2019","abstract":"BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Characterization of emergency department (ED) visits for acute harms related to use of over-the-counter cough and cold medications (CCMs) by patient demographics, intent of CCM use, concurrent substance use, and clinical manifestations can help guide prevention of medication harms. METHODS: Public health surveillance data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-Cooperative Adverse Drug Event Surveillance project were used to estimate numbers and population rates of ED visits from 2017 to 2019. RESULTS: Based on 1396 surveillance cases, there were an estimated 26 735 (95% CI, 21 679-31 791) US ED visits for CCM-related harms annually, accounting for 1.3% (95% CI, 1.2-1.5%) of all ED visits for medication adverse events. Three fifths (61.4%, 95% CI, 55.6-67.2%) of these visits were attributed to non-therapeutic CCM use (nonmedical use, self-harm, unsupervised pediatric exposures). Most visits by children aged <4 years (74.0%, 95% CI, 59.7-88.3%) were for unsupervised CCM exposures. Proportion hospitalized was higher for visits for self-harm (76.5%, 95% CI, 68.9-84.2%) than for visits for nonmedical use (30.3%, 95% CI, 21.1-39.6%) and therapeutic use (8.8%, 95% CI, 5.9-11.8%). Overall, estimated population rates of ED visits for CCM-related harms were higher for patients aged 12-34 years (16.5 per 100 000, 95% CI, 13.0-20.0) compared with patients aged <12 years (5.1 per 100 000, 95% CI, 3.6-6.5) and ≥ 35 years (4.3 per 100 000, 95% CI, 3.4-5.1). Concurrent use of other medications, illicit drugs, or alcohol was frequent in ED visits for nonmedical use (61.3%) and self-harm (75.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Continued national surveillance of CCM-related harms can assess progress toward safer use.","journal":"Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety","year":2021,"id":196868,"datarank":0.3514651017190591,"base_score":1.791759469228055,"endowment":1.791759469228055,"self_citation_contribution":0.26876392038420827,"citation_network_contribution":0.08270118133485081,"self_endowment_contribution":0.26876392038420827,"citer_contribution":0.08270118133485081,"corpus_percentile":49.83368144194322,"corpus_rank":6486,"citation_count":5,"citer_count":4,"citers_with_citation_signal":1,"citers_with_endowment":1,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":true,"is_dataset_confidence":0.5504,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":300759,"name":"Maribeth C. Lovegrove","orcid":"0000-0001-9627-2059","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":509809,"name":"Ruth N. Moro","orcid":"0000-0002-8283-1304","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":300758,"name":"Andrew I. Geller","orcid":"0000-0003-2502-0289","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":372945,"name":"Nina J. Weidle","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":385367,"name":"Jennifer N. Lind","orcid":"0000-0002-7408-3318","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":371794,"name":"Daniel S. Budnitz","orcid":"0000-0002-0136-2623","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":447149,"name":"Rohan Mital","orcid":"0000-0002-5190-2958","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":30,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:50:19.568641Z","pmid":"34757641","pmcid":"PMC10917081","fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}