{"doi":"10.1002/oby.23291","title":"Adiposity, related biomarkers, and type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes: The Diabetes Prevention Program","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: This study investigated associations of adiposity and adiposity-related biomarkers with incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) among parous women. METHODS: Among women in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) who reported a previous live birth, circulating biomarkers (leptin, adiponectin, sex hormone-binding globulin, and alanine aminotransferase; n = 1,711) were measured at enrollment (average: 12 years post partum). Visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue areas at the L2-L3 region and the L3-L4 region were quantified by computed tomography (n = 477). Overall and stratified (by history of gestational diabetes mellitus [GDM]) adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were fit. RESULTS: Alanine aminotransferase, L2-L3 VAT, and L3-L4 VAT were positively associated (hazard ratio [HR] for 1-SD increases: 1.073, p = 0.024; 1.251, p = 0.009; 1.272, p = 0.004, respectively), and adiponectin concentration was inversely associated with T2D (HR 0.762, p < 0.001). Whereas leptin concentration was not associated with T2D overall, in GDM-stratified models, a 1-SD higher leptin was positively associated with risk of T2D in women without GDM (HR: 1.126, p = 0.016) and inversely in women with a history of GDM (HR: 0.776, p = 0.013, interaction p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Among parous women, alanine aminotransferase and VAT are positively associated with incident T2D, whereas adiponectin is inversely associated. Leptin is associated with higher risk of T2D in women with a history of GDM but a lower risk in women without a history of GDM.","journal":"Obesity","year":2021,"id":207055,"datarank":0.36806820446649585,"base_score":1.791759469228055,"endowment":1.791759469228055,"self_citation_contribution":0.26876392038420827,"citation_network_contribution":0.0993042840822876,"self_endowment_contribution":0.26876392038420827,"citer_contribution":0.0993042840822876,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":5,"citer_count":5,"citers_with_citation_signal":3,"citers_with_endowment":3,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.6389,"is_data_producer":true,"deposit_databanks":{"ClinicalTrials.gov":["NCT00004992"]},"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":792107,"name":"Costas A. Christophi","orcid":"0000-0003-0503-1538","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":792604,"name":"Maria Rosario G. Araneta","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":88635,"name":"Edward J. Boyko","orcid":"0000-0002-3695-192X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":298926,"name":"Daniel A. Enquobahrie","orcid":"0000-0001-9844-0597","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":249641,"name":"Dana Dabelea","orcid":"0000-0001-9514-8929","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":242858,"name":"Ronald Goldberg","orcid":"0000-0003-0924-1110","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":249041,"name":"Steven E. Kahn","orcid":"0000-0001-7307-9002","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":381328,"name":"Catherine Kim","orcid":"0000-0001-9237-0532","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":400005,"name":"F. Xavier Pi‐Sunyer","orcid":"0000-0003-2207-2008","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2870,"name":"William C. Knowler","orcid":"0000-0002-7004-5197","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":308446,"name":"Pandora L. Wander","orcid":"0000-0003-3671-1464","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":46,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:51:45.688025Z","pmid":"34796678","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}