{"doi":"10.1002/oby.23264","title":"High‐fat and high‐sodium diet induces metabolic dysfunction in the absence of obesity","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: Excess dietary fat and sodium (NaCl) are both associated with obesity and metabolic dysfunction. In mice, high NaCl has been shown to block high-fat (HF) diet-induced weight gain. Here, the impact of an HF/NaCl diet on metabolic function in the absence of obesity was investigated. METHODS: Wild-type mice were administered chow, NaCl (4%), HF, and HF/NaCl diets. Metabolic analysis was performed by measuring fasted blood glucose and insulin levels and by glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test. RESULTS: After 10 weeks on diets, male and female mice on the HF diet gained weight, and HF/NaCl mice had significantly reduced weight gain similar to chow-fed mice. In the absence of obesity, HF/NaCl mice had significantly elevated fasting blood glucose and impaired glucose control during glucose tolerance tests. Both NaCl and HF/NaCl mice had decreased pancreas and β-cell mass. Administration of NaCl in drinking water did not protect mice from HF-diet-induced weight gain and obesity. Further analysis revealed that longer administration of HF/NaCl diets for 20 weeks resulted in significant weight gain and insulin resistance. CONCLUSIONS: The data demonstrate that despite early inhibitory effects on fat deposition and weight gain, an HF/NaCl diet does not prevent the metabolic consequences of HF diet consumption.","journal":"Obesity","year":2021,"id":181461,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":16,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9568,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":405705,"name":"Thomas M. Vigil","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":404377,"name":"Jianrui Song","orcid":"0000-0001-5472-4483","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":732360,"name":"Christy Leung","orcid":"0000-0003-1269-5535","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":277960,"name":"Carey N. Lumeng","orcid":"0000-0003-0303-6204","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":404380,"name":"Richard M. Mortensen","orcid":"0000-0003-3625-7185","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":404378,"name":"Ryan A. Frieler","orcid":"0000-0003-2780-3244","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":45,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:48:05.146883Z","pmid":"34549547","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}