{"doi":"10.1002/oby.21354","title":"Macrophage and adipocyte <scp>IGF</scp>1 maintain adipose tissue homeostasis during metabolic stresses","abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective</jats:title><jats:p>Insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF1) regulates differentiation and growth of tissues and reduces stress and injury. IGF1 also in a tissue‐specific manner modulates the differentiation and lipid storage capacity of adipocytes <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic>, but its roles in adipose tissue development and response to stress are not known.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>To study IGF1 <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic>, the cellular sources of adipose tissue <jats:italic>Igf1</jats:italic> expression were identified and mice were generated with targeted deletion in adipocytes and macrophages. The effects of adipocyte and macrophage deficiency of IGF1 on adipose tissue development and the response to chronic (high‐fat feeding) and acute (cold challenge) stress were studied.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>The expression of <jats:italic>Igf1</jats:italic> by adipose tissue was derived from multiple cell types including adipocytes and macrophages. In lean animals, adipocytes were the primary source of IGF1, but in obesity expression by adipocytes was reduced and by macrophages increased, so as to maintain overall adipose tissue <jats:italic>Igf1</jats:italic> expression. Genetic deletion studies revealed that adipocyte‐derived IGF1 regulated perigonadal but not subcutaneous adipose tissue mass during high‐fat feeding and the development of obesity. Conversely, macrophage‐derived IGF1 acutely modulated perigonadal adipose tissue mass during thermogenic challenges.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>Local IGF1 is not required in lean adipose tissue development but is required to maintain homeostasis during both chronic and acute metabolic stresses.</jats:p></jats:sec>","journal":"Obesity","year":2016,"id":14876,"datarank":2.7677851821639035,"base_score":4.31748811353631,"endowment":4.31748811353631,"self_citation_contribution":0.6476232170304466,"citation_network_contribution":2.1201619651334567,"self_endowment_contribution":0.6476232170304466,"citer_contribution":2.1201619651334567,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":74,"citer_count":74,"citers_with_citation_signal":63,"citers_with_endowment":63,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":115590,"name":"Hae Jin Kim","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":115591,"name":"Xiaoyuan Xu","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":2965,"name":"Anthony W. Ferrante","orcid":"0000-0001-9272-2593","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":115589,"name":"Hye Rim Chang","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"base_score":4.31748811353631,"endowment":4.31748811353631,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"26663512","pmcid":"PMC4793714","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2201571627","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"NIDDK NIH HHS","grant_id":"P30DK026687","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIDDK NIH HHS","grant_id":"R01 DK066525","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIDDK NIH HHS","grant_id":"R01 DK101942","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIDDK NIH HHS","grant_id":"P30 DK063608","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIDDK NIH HHS","grant_id":"R56 DK066525","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIDDK NIH HHS","grant_id":"T32DK007647","title":null}],"total_grants":6,"fwci":4.5578,"citation_percentile":0.95259047,"influential_citations":6,"citation_trend":[{"year":2015,"count":1},{"year":2016,"count":1},{"year":2017,"count":10},{"year":2018,"count":9},{"year":2019,"count":7},{"year":2020,"count":6},{"year":2021,"count":9},{"year":2022,"count":5},{"year":2023,"count":8},{"year":2024,"count":7},{"year":2025,"count":8},{"year":2026,"count":3}],"oa_status":"bronze","license":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/oby.21354","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/oby.21354","host_type":"BRONZE"},{"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/oby.21354","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Foby.21354","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/oby.21354","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.21354","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26663512","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4793714","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases","Adipose Tissue and Metabolism","Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors","Biology","Medicine","Environmental Science","Adipocytes","Adipogenesis","Adipose Tissue","Animals","Homeostasis","Insulin-Like Growth Factor I","Macrophages","Male","Mice","Mice, Inbred C57BL","Obesity","Stress, Physiological","Thermogenesis"],"mesh_terms":["Adipose Tissue","Animals","Homeostasis","Insulin-Like Growth Factor I","Macrophages","Male","Mice, Inbred C57BL","Obesity","Stress, Physiological","Adipocytes","Thermogenesis","Adipogenesis","Mice"],"keywords":["Adipose tissue","Adipocyte","Adipose tissue macrophages","Internal medicine","Endocrinology","White adipose tissue","Biology","Cell biology","Medicine"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-06-01T15:14:48.439685Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}