{"doi":"10.1002/nbm.5251","title":"Imaging arterial and venous vessels using Iron Dextran enhanced multi‐echo 3D gradient echo MRI at 7T","abstract":"Iron Dextran is a widely used iron oxide compound to treat iron-deficiency anemia patients in the clinic. Similar to other iron oxide compounds such as Ferumoxytol, it can also be used off-label as an intravascular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent due to its strong iron-induced T2 and T2* shortening effects. In this study, we seek to evaluate the feasibility of using Iron Dextran enhanced multi-echo susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) MRI at 7T to image arterial and venous blood vessels in the human brain. Phantom experiments were performed to measure the r2* relaxivity for Iron Dextran in blood, based on which the SWI sequence was optimized. Pre- and post-infusion MR images were acquired in human subjects from which maps of arteries and veins were extracted. The post-contrast SWI images showed enhanced susceptibility difference between blood and the surrounding tissue in both arteries and veins. Our results showed that the proposed Iron Dextran enhanced multi-echo SWI approach allowed the visualization of blood vessels with diameters down to ~100 μm, including small blood vessels supplying and draining small brain structures such as the hippocampus. We conclude that Iron Dextran can be an alternative iron-based MRI contrast agent for blood vessel imaging in the human brain.","journal":"NMR in Biomedicine","year":2024,"id":502563,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9558,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1230593,"name":"Wei Li","orcid":"0000-0002-9791-9763","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":506176,"name":"Adrian Paez","orcid":"0000-0003-0225-4453","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":506174,"name":"Di Cao","orcid":"0000-0002-2196-0639","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1352138,"name":"Yang-bai Sun","orcid":"0000-0002-2120-9802","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":774957,"name":"Chunming Gu","orcid":"0000-0003-3568-2032","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":227699,"name":"Kaihua Zhang","orcid":"0000-0003-3734-3624","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":506175,"name":"Xinyuan Miao","orcid":"0000-0002-5615-694X","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":320066,"name":"Peiying Liu","orcid":"0000-0003-0830-5960","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":344982,"name":"Wenbo Li","orcid":"0000-0002-0199-1534","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":320070,"name":"Jay J. Pillai","orcid":"0000-0002-8306-7192","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":57482,"name":"Hanzhang Lu","orcid":"0000-0003-3871-1564","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":271396,"name":"Peter C.M. van Zijl","orcid":"0000-0002-9706-1066","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":430831,"name":"Christopher J. Earley","orcid":"0000-0003-4526-7967","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":315440,"name":"Xu Li","orcid":"0000-0002-4350-3375","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":341294,"name":"Jun Hua","orcid":"0000-0001-5481-7380","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1352137,"name":"Yinghao Li","orcid":"0000-0001-7972-6573","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":35,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:10:23.709105Z","pmid":"39187441","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}