{"doi":"10.1002/nbm.4725","title":"Enhanced detection of paramagnetic fluorine‐19 magnetic resonance imaging agents using zero echo time sequence and compressed sensing","abstract":"Fluorine‐19 ( 19 F) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an emerging technique offering specific detection of labeled cells in vivo. Lengthy acquisition times and modest signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) makes three‐dimensional spin‐density–weighted 19 F imaging challenging. Recent advances in tracer paramagnetic metallo‐perfluorocarbon (MPFC) nanoemulsion probes have shown multifold SNR improvements due to an accelerated 19 F T 1 relaxation rate and a commensurate gain in imaging speed and averages. However, 19 F T 2 ‐reduction and increased linewidth limit the amount of metal additive in MPFC probes, thus constraining the ultimate SNR. To overcome these barriers, we describe a compressed sampling (CS) scheme, implemented using a “zero” echo time (ZTE) sequence, with data reconstructed via a sparsity‐promoting algorithm. Our CS‐ZTE scheme acquires k‐space data using an undersampled spherical radial pattern and signal averaging. Image reconstruction employs off‐the‐shelf sparse solvers to solve a joint total variation and ‐norm regularized least square problem. To evaluate CS‐ZTE, we performed simulations and acquired 19 F MRI data at 11.7 T in phantoms and mice receiving MPFC‐labeled dendritic cells. For MPFC‐labeled cells in vivo, we show SNR gains of ~6.3 × with 8‐fold undersampling. We show that this enhancement is due to three mechanisms including undersampling and commensurate increase in signal averaging in a fixed scan time, denoising attributes from the CS algorithm, and paramagnetic reduction of T 1 . Importantly, 19 F image intensity analyses yield accurate estimates of absolute quantification of 19 F spins. Overall, the CS‐ZTE method using MPFC probes achieves ultrafast imaging, a substantial boost in detection sensitivity, accurate 19 F spin quantification, and minimal image artifacts.","journal":"NMR in Biomedicine","year":2022,"id":275071,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":9,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9591,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":944156,"name":"Piya Pal","orcid":"0000-0002-2021-7798","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":683521,"name":"Eric T. Ahrens","orcid":"0000-0001-6131-9304","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":555502,"name":"Jiawen Chen","orcid":"0009-0003-6582-6559","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":63,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:28:16.928746Z","pmid":"35262991","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}