{"doi":"10.1002/mrm.70192","title":"Feasibility Study for Dual Phase Free Breathing 3D bSSFP MRA With Preserved Eddy‐Current Tolerance With Adaptive <i>k</i> ‐Space Lengths (PETAL) Acquisition","abstract":"ABSTRACT Purpose To demonstrate the feasibility of a novel dual‐phase self‐navigated, free‐breathing balanced steady‐state free‐precession whole‐heart MRA acquisition for aortic annulus size measurement using a Cartesian trajectory that mitigates eddy‐current artifacts by minimizing k ‐space jumps between consecutive readouts with predictable scan times. Methods The proposed method uses a trajectory with P reserved E ddy‐current T olerance with A daptive k ‐space L engths (PETAL) that enables the acquisition of multiple navigators per heartbeat to address respiratory motion throughout a 330–510 ms acquisition window across different cardiac phases. Imaging was performed in 15 healthy volunteers on a 3 T MR system using a sequence compiled in Pulseq. Images were reconstructed in systole and diastole. Aortic annulus perimeter and area were measured for both cardiac phases. A clinical MRA and a breath‐held 2D bSSFP cine planned at the valve plane were used to statistically compare metrics in diastole and systole, respectively. Results In diastole, the PETAL sequence yielded a high correlation with the clinical reference for aortic annulus area () and perimeter () and low bias (0.008 cm 2 and −0.018 cm, respectively), with no statistically significant difference. In systole, the proposed method presented a high correlation with the reference for aortic annulus area () and perimeter (), bias of 0.02 cm 2 and 0.073 cm, respectively, no statistically significant difference for aortic annulus area and a statistically significant difference for perimeter (). Conclusion The proposed approach enables dual‐phase, contrast‐free, free‐breathing acquisition of isotropic 3D whole‐heart images in predictable 10 min scan times for aortic size measurements in systole and diastole.","journal":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","year":2025,"id":583174,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9564,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1266941,"name":"Dingheng Mai","orcid":"0000-0002-5055-3231","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1422957,"name":"Emma Wexler","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1495801,"name":"Lydia P. Lewis","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1495802,"name":"Wajeh Abuirmaileh","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1495803,"name":"Angel Houston","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1495804,"name":"Kathy Kohut","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":514676,"name":"Eric E. Roselli","orcid":"0000-0003-1533-7987","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":406914,"name":"Deborah Kwon","orcid":"0000-0003-2191-4111","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":32911,"name":"David Chen","orcid":"0000-0001-5531-9180","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1143770,"name":"Danielle Kara","orcid":"0000-0001-8369-798X","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":479661,"name":"Christopher Nguyen","orcid":"0000-0003-1475-2329","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1422502,"name":"Tassia Ribeiro Salles Moura","orcid":"0009-0005-1847-4049","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":44,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:59:03.725721Z","pmid":"41286550","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}