{"doi":"10.1002/mrm.29981","title":"Quantification of whole‐organ individual and bilateral renal metabolic rate of oxygen","abstract":"Abstract Purpose Renal metabolic rate of oxygen (rMRO 2 ) is a potentially important biomarker of kidney function. The key parameters for rMRO 2 quantification include blood flow rate (BFR) and venous oxygen saturation (SvO 2 ) in a draining vessel. Previous approaches to quantify renal metabolism have focused on the single organ. Here, both kidneys are considered as one unit to quantify bilateral rMRO 2 . A pulse sequence to facilitate bilateral rMRO 2 quantification is introduced. Methods To quantify bilateral rMRO 2 , measurements of BFR and SvO 2 are made along the inferior vena cava (IVC) at suprarenal and infrarenal locations. From the continuity equation, these four parameters can be related to derive an expression for bilateral rMRO 2 . The recently reported K‐MOTIVE pulse sequence was implemented at four locations: left kidney, right kidney, suprarenal IVC, and infrarenal IVC. A dual‐band variant of K‐MOTIVE (db‐K‐MOTIVE) was developed by incorporating simultaneous‐multi‐slice imaging principles. The sequence simultaneously measures BFR and SvO 2 at suprarenal and infrarenal locations in a single pass of 21 s, yielding bilateral rMRO 2 . Results SvO 2 and BFR are higher in suprarenal versus infrarenal IVC, and the renal veins are highly oxygenated (SvO 2 >90%). Bilateral rMRO 2 quantified in 10 healthy subjects (8 M, 30 ± 8 y) was found to be 291 ± 247 and 349 ± 300 (μmolO 2 /min)/100 g, derived from K‐MOTIVE and db‐K‐MOTIVE, respectively. In comparison, total rMRO 2 from combining left and right was 329 ± 273 (μmolO 2 /min)/100 g. Conclusion The present work demonstrates that bilateral rMRO 2 quantification is feasible with fair reproducibility and physiological plausibility. The indirect method is a promising approach to compute bilateral rMRO 2 when individual rMRO 2 quantification is difficult.","journal":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","year":2023,"id":371958,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":6,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9405,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":365026,"name":"Michael C. Langham","orcid":"0000-0002-8733-1317","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":374930,"name":"Hyunyeol Lee","orcid":"0000-0002-3941-6578","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":805642,"name":"Nada Kamona","orcid":"0000-0002-4382-876X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":329906,"name":"Félix W. Wehrli","orcid":"0000-0003-3430-1840","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":958361,"name":"Rajiv S. Deshpande","orcid":"0000-0002-1232-0875","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":49,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:15:49.453761Z","pmid":"38146669","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}