{"doi":"10.1002/mrm.29693","title":"J‐Difference editing (<scp>MEGA</scp>) of lactate in the human brain at <scp>3T</scp>","abstract":"PURPOSE: The need to detect and quantify brain lactate accurately by MRS has stimulated the development of editing sequences based on J coupling effects. In J-difference editing of lactate, threonine can be co-edited and it contaminates lactate estimates due to the spectral proximity of the coupling partners of their methyl protons. We therefore implemented narrow-band editing 180° pulses (E180) in MEGA-PRESS acquisitions to resolve separately the 1.3-ppm resonances of lactate and threonine. METHODS: Two 45.3-ms rectangular E180 pulses, which had negligible effects 0.15-ppm away from the carrier frequency, were implemented in a MEGA-PRESS sequence with TE 139 ms. Three acquisitions were designed to selectively edit lactate and threonine, in which the E180 pulses were tuned to 4.1 ppm, 4.25 ppm, and a frequency far off resonance. Editing performance was validated with numerical analyses and acquisitions from phantoms. The narrow-band E180 MEGA and another MEGA-PRESS sequence with broad-band E180 pulses were evaluated in six healthy subjects. RESULTS: The 45.3-ms E180 MEGA offered a difference-edited lactate signal with lower intensity and reduced contamination from threonine compared to the broad-band E180 MEGA. The 45.3 ms E180 pulse had MEGA editing effects over a frequency range larger than seen in the singlet-resonance inversion profile. Lactate and threonine in healthy brain were both estimated to be 0.4 ± 0.1 mM, with reference to N-acetylaspartate at 12 mM. CONCLUSION: Narrow-band E180 MEGA editing minimizes threonine contamination of lactate spectra and may improve the ability to detect modest changes in lactate levels.","journal":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","year":2023,"id":357402,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":13,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.957,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":776521,"name":"Justin R. Haynes","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312124,"name":"Sandeep Ganji","orcid":"0000-0002-0247-7596","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1107246,"name":"Charles P. Nockowski","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":363654,"name":"Zoltán Kovács","orcid":"0000-0003-0657-3419","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":747254,"name":"Wellington Pham","orcid":"0000-0002-8408-7611","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":286736,"name":"Victoria L. Morgan","orcid":"0000-0001-8263-2324","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":365491,"name":"Seth A. Smith","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":481955,"name":"Reid C. Thompson","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":390264,"name":"Reed A. Omary","orcid":"0000-0002-2404-8688","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":324146,"name":"John C. Gore","orcid":"0000-0002-9480-0900","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312133,"name":"Changho Choi","orcid":"0000-0002-7135-2447","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":760901,"name":"Ryan K. Robison","orcid":"0000-0002-8244-0653","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":25,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:13:34.795336Z","pmid":"37154389","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}