{"doi":"10.1002/mrm.29618","title":"Vascular space occupancy asymmetric spin echo (<scp>VASO‐ASE</scp>) for non‐invasive quantification of cerebral oxygen extraction fraction","abstract":"Purpose Asymmetric spin echo (ASE) MRI is a method for measuring regional oxygen extraction fraction (OEF); however, extravascular tissue models have been shown to under‐estimate OEF. The hypothesis investigated here is that the addition of a vascular‐space‐occupancy (VASO) pre‐pulse will more fully suppress blood water signal and provide global OEF values more consistent with physiological expectation and 15 O positron emission tomography (PET)‐validated T 2 ‐relaxation‐under‐spin‐tagging (TRUST) OEF measures. Methods Healthy adults ( n = 14; age = 27.7 ± 5.2 y; sex = 7/7 male/female) were scanned at 3.0T. Multi‐echo ASE without inter‐readout refocusing (ASE RF− ), multi‐echo ASE with inter‐readout refocusing (ASE RF+ ), and single‐echo VASO‐ASE were acquired twice each with common spatial resolution = 3.44 × 3.44 × 3.0 mm and τ = 0–20 ms (interval = 0.5 ms). TRUST was acquired twice sequentially for independent global OEF assessment ( τ CPMG = 10 ms; effective TEs = 0, 40, 80, and 160 ms; spatial resolution = 3.4 × 3.4 × 5 mm). OEF intraclass‐correlation‐coefficients (ICC), summary statistics, and group‐wise differences were assessed (Wilcoxon rank‐sum; significance: two‐sided p &lt; 0.05). Results ASE RF+ (OEF = 36.8 ± 1.9%) and VASO‐ASE (OEF = 34.4 ± 2.3%) produced OEF values similar to TRUST (OEF = 36.5 ± 4.6%, human calibration model; OEF = 32.7 ± 4.9%, bovine calibration model); however, ASE RF− yielded lower OEF (OEF = 26.1 ± 1.0%; p &lt; 0.01) relative to TRUST. VASO‐ASE (ICC = 0.61) yielded lower ICC compared to other ASE variants (ICC &gt;0.89). Conclusion VASO‐ASE and TRUST provide similar OEF values; however, VASO‐ASE spatial coverage and repeatability improvements are required.","journal":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","year":2023,"id":374376,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":4,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9662,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":327623,"name":"Maria Garza","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":710225,"name":"Chunwei Ying","orcid":"0000-0003-1060-3289","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":363943,"name":"L. Taylor Davis","orcid":"0000-0003-2939-3875","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":292916,"name":"Lori C. Jordan","orcid":"0000-0001-7240-0415","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":274286,"name":"Hongyu An","orcid":"0000-0001-6459-2269","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":326159,"name":"Manus J. Donahue","orcid":"0000-0002-4123-9275","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":363941,"name":"Spencer Waddle","orcid":"0000-0002-5645-9094","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":44,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:16:11.341687Z","pmid":"36880522","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}