{"doi":"10.1002/mrm.29008","title":"Influence of editing pulse flip angle on J‐difference MR spectroscopy","abstract":"PURPOSE: To investigate the editing-pulse flip angle (FA) dependence of editing efficiency and ultimately to maximize the edited signal of commonly edited MR spectroscopy (MRS) signals, such as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and lactate. METHODS: Density-matrix simulations were performed for a range of spin systems to find the editing-pulse FA for maximal editing efficiency. Simulations were confirmed by phantom experiments and in vivo measurements in 10 healthy participants using a 3T Philips scanner. Four MEGA-PRESS in vivo measurements targeting GABA+ and lactate were performed, comparing the conventional editing-pulse FA (FA = 180°) to the optimal one suggested by simulations (FA = 210°). RESULTS: Simulations and phantom experiments show that edited GABA and lactate signals are maximal at FA = 210°. Compared to conventional editing (FA = 180°), in vivo signals from GABA+ and lactate signals increase on average by 8.5% and 9.3%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Increasing the FA of editing-pulses in the MEGA-PRESS experiment from 180° to 210° increases the edited signals from GABA+ and lactate by about 9% in vivo.","journal":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","year":2021,"id":207799,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":4,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9348,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":238012,"name":"Steve C. N. Hui","orcid":"0000-0002-1523-4040","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":238013,"name":"Muhammad G. Saleh","orcid":"0000-0001-6921-112X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":238011,"name":"Helge J. Zöllner","orcid":"0000-0002-7148-292X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":238010,"name":"Georg Oeltzschner","orcid":"0000-0003-3083-9811","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":262953,"name":"Jamie Near","orcid":"0000-0003-3516-936X","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":256339,"name":"Brian J. Soher","orcid":"0000-0003-2750-7277","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":238015,"name":"Richard A.E. Edden","orcid":"0000-0002-0671-7374","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":238014,"name":"Sofie Tapper","orcid":"0000-0002-7809-2481","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":23,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:51:53.662668Z","pmid":"34520079","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}