{"doi":"10.1002/mrm.28447","title":"Cerebral oxygen extraction fraction: Comparison of dual‐gas challenge calibrated BOLD with CBF and challenge‐free gradient echo QSM+qBOLD","abstract":"Purpose To compare cortical gray matter oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) estimated from 2 MRI methods: (1) the quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) plus quantitative blood oxygen level dependent imaging (qBOLD) (QSM+qBOLD or QQ), and (2) the dual‐gas calibrated‐BOLD (DGCB) in healthy subjects; and to investigate the validity of iso‐cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption assumption during hypercapnia using QQ. Methods In 10 healthy subjects, 3 tesla MRI including a multi‐echo gradient echo sequence at baseline and hypercapnia for QQ, as well as an EPI dual‐echo pseudo‐continuous arterial spin labeling for DGCB, were performed under a hypercapnic and a hyperoxic condition. OEFs from QQ and DGCB were compared using region of interest analysis and paired t test. For QQ, cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption = cerebral blood flow*OEF*arterial oxygen content was generated for both baseline and hypercapnia, which were compared. Results Average OEF in cortical gray matter across 10 subjects from QQ versus DGCB was 35.5 ± 6.7% versus 38.0 ± 9.1% ( P = .49) at baseline and 20.7 ± 4.4% versus 28.4 ± 7.6% ( P = .02) in hypercapnia: OEF in cortical gray matter was significantly reduced as measured in QQ ( P < .01) and in DGCB ( P < .01). Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption (in μmol O 2 /min/100 g) was 168.2 ± 54.1 at baseline from DGCB and was 153.1 ± 33.8 at baseline and 126.4 ± 34.2 ( P < .01) in hypercapnia from QQ. Conclusion The differences in OEF obtained from QQ and DGCB are small and nonsignificant at baseline but are statistically significant during hypercapnia. In addition, QQ shows a cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption decrease (17.4%) during hypercapnia.","journal":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","year":2020,"id":101720,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":27,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9483,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":497588,"name":"Yuhan Ma","orcid":"0000-0001-7025-7539","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":314690,"name":"Pascal Spincemaille","orcid":"0000-0002-8821-1341","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":498461,"name":"Gilbert Bruce Pike","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":314692,"name":"Yi Wang","orcid":"0000-0003-1404-8526","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":315431,"name":"Junghun Cho","orcid":"0000-0002-0826-5463","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":56,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T22:40:22.678835Z","pmid":"32783233","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}