{"doi":"10.1002/mrm.28337","title":"Whole‐heart, ungated, free‐breathing, cardiac‐phase‐resolved myocardial perfusion MRI by using Continuous Radial Interleaved simultaneous Multi‐slice acquisitions at sPoiled steady‐state (CRIMP)","abstract":"PURPOSE: To develop a whole-heart, free-breathing, non-electrocardiograph (ECG)-gated, cardiac-phase-resolved myocardial perfusion MRI framework (CRIMP; Continuous Radial Interleaved simultaneous Multi-slice acquisitions at sPoiled steady-state) and test its quantification feasibility. METHODS: CRIMP used interleaved radial simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) slice groups to cover the whole heart in 9 or 12 short-axis slices. The sequence continuously acquired data without magnetization preparation, ECG gating or breath-holding, and captured multiple cardiac phases. Images were reconstructed by a motion-compensated patch-based locally low-rank reconstruction. Bloch simulations were performed to study the signal-to-noise ratio/contrast-to-noise ratio (SNR/CNR) for CRIMP and to study the steady-state signal under motion. Seven patients were scanned with CRIMP at stress and rest to develop the sequence. One human and two dogs were scanned at rest with a dual-bolus method to test the quantification feasibility of CRIMP. The dual-bolus scans were performed using both CRIMP and an ungated radial SMS saturation recovery (SMS-SR) sequence with injection dose = 0.075 mmol/kg to compare the sequences in terms of SNR, cardiac phase resolution and quantitative myocardial blood flow (MBF). RESULTS: Perfusion images with multiple cardiac phases in all image slices with a temporal resolution of 72 ms/frame were obtained. Simulations and in-vivo acquisitions showed CRIMP kept the inner slices in steady-state regardless of motion. CRIMP outperformed SMS-SR in slice coverage (9 over 6), SNR (mean 20% improvement), and provided cardiac phase resolution. CRIMP and SMS-SR sequences provided comparable MBF values (rest systolic CRIMP = 0.58 ± 0.07, SMS-SR = 0.61 ± 0.16). CONCLUSION: CRIMP allows for whole-heart, cardiac-phase-resolved myocardial perfusion images without ECG-gating or breath-holding. The sequence can provide MBF if an accurate arterial input function is obtained separately.","journal":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","year":2020,"id":105474,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":23,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9252,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":510238,"name":"Jason Mendes","orcid":"0000-0001-8146-535X","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":455994,"name":"Brent D. Wilson","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":274840,"name":"Alexander Ross","orcid":"0000-0003-3776-3186","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":237803,"name":"Ravi Ranjan","orcid":"0000-0002-3321-2435","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":510239,"name":"Edward DiBella","orcid":"0000-0001-9196-3731","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":510240,"name":"Ganesh Adluru","orcid":"0000-0001-9530-1743","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":478980,"name":"Ye Tian","orcid":"0000-0002-8559-4404","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":56,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:12:17.683386Z","pmid":"32492235","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}