{"doi":"10.1002/mrm.28272","title":"Impact of gradient imperfections on bone water quantification with UTE MRI","abstract":"PURPOSE: The impact of gradient imperfections on UTE images and UTE image-derived bone water quantification was investigated at 3 T field strength. METHODS: The effects of simple gradient time delays and eddy currents on UTE images, as well as the effects of gradient error corrections, were studied with simulation and phantom experiments. The k-space trajectory was mapped with a 2D sequence with phase encoding on both spatial axes by measuring the phase of the signal in small time increments during ramp-up of the read gradient. In vivo 3D UTE images were reconstructed with and without gradient error compensation to determine the bias in bone water quantification. Finally, imaging was performed on 2 equally configured Siemens TIM Trio systems (Siemens Medical Solutions, Erlangen, Germany) to investigate the impact of such gradient imperfections on inter-scanner measurement bias. RESULTS: Compared to values derived from UTE images with full gradient error compensation, total bone water was found to deviate substantially with no (up to 17%) or partial (delay-only) compensation (up to 10.8%). Bound water, obtained with inversion recovery-prepared UTE, was somewhat less susceptible to gradient errors (up to 2.2% for both correction strategies). Inter-scanner comparison indicated a statistically significant bias between measurements from the 2 MR systems for both total and bound water, which either vanished or was substantially reduced following gradient error correction. CONCLUSION: Gradient imperfections impose spatially dependent artifacts on UTE images, which compromise not only bone water quantification accuracy but also inter-scanner measurement agreement if left uncompensated.","journal":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","year":2020,"id":74209,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":11,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9422,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":374930,"name":"Hyunyeol Lee","orcid":"0000-0002-3941-6578","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":374932,"name":"Hee Kwon Song","orcid":"0000-0003-3677-115X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":388496,"name":"Cheng‐Chieh Cheng","orcid":"0000-0001-5833-5661","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":329906,"name":"Félix W. Wehrli","orcid":"0000-0003-3430-1840","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":374931,"name":"Xia Zhao","orcid":"0000-0001-8108-6528","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":31,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T21:45:52.171053Z","pmid":"32307749","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}