{"doi":"10.1002/jsfa.2740120404","title":"Studies on egg shells. XV.—critical appraisal of various methods of assessing shell thickness","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Shell thickness may be measured directly or expressed in terms of weight per unit area of either true shell or shell plus membranes. Percentage shell has also been used as an indication of shell thickness but one of the most used routine methods is that of finding the specific gravity of the whole egg by a flotation process. All these and other methods have been studied both from a theoretical and experimental standpoint. It was found that percentage shell is the least reliable but that true shell weight per unit area, shell plus membrane weight per unit area (with certain provisos), and specific gravity measured accurately by Archimedes' principle, are all very satisfactory. Specific gravity by flotation is reasonably good if suitable precautions are taken, but these make it less of a quick routine method. The calculation of specific gravity from egg weight and egg volume computed from the length and breadth of the egg is inaccurate.</jats:p>","journal":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture","year":1961,"id":42109,"datarank":10.731772351713065,"base_score":4.248495242049359,"endowment":4.248495242049359,"self_citation_contribution":0.637274286307404,"citation_network_contribution":10.094498065405661,"self_endowment_contribution":0.637274286307404,"citer_contribution":10.094498065405661,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":69,"citer_count":64,"citers_with_citation_signal":60,"citers_with_endowment":60,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":38.75,"fair_percentile":4.1624706277274255,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":201982,"name":"F. H. Geake","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":201981,"name":"C. Tyler","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"base_score":4.248495242049359,"endowment":4.248495242049359,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"18998881","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2095321208","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":2.3228,"citation_percentile":0.88095238,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2012,"count":1},{"year":2014,"count":2},{"year":2015,"count":1},{"year":2016,"count":3},{"year":2017,"count":4},{"year":2021,"count":1},{"year":2022,"count":2},{"year":2023,"count":1},{"year":2025,"count":2}],"oa_status":"closed","license":"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fjsfa.2740120404","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jsfa.2740120404","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740120404","host_type":"journal"}],"fields_of_study":["Magnetic and Electromagnetic Effects","Animal Nutrition and Physiology","Soybean genetics and cultivation","Chemistry","Agricultural and Food Sciences"],"mesh_terms":[],"keywords":["Shell (structure)","Specific gravity","Volume (thermodynamics)","Spherical shell","Membrane","Materials science","Mechanics","Physics","Chemistry","Composite material","Thermodynamics"],"sdg_mappings":[],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-06-13T20:18:59.595347Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":60.0,"fair_a":70.0,"fair_i":0.0,"fair_r":25.0,"fair_zscore":-1.014,"fair_rationale":{"fair_score":38.75,"has_llm":false,"dimensions":{"F":{"name":"Findable","score":60.0,"criteria":[{"key":"f_has_doi","label":"Has a persistent DOI","kind":"deterministic","weight":1.0,"fraction":1.0,"signal":"DOI present","rationale":null},{"key":"f_repository_presence","label":"Indexed in repositories / literature DBs","kind":"deterministic","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"signal":"datacite=0, pmcid=False, pmid=False","rationale":null},{"key":"f_persistent_ids","label":"Resolvable scholarly identifiers (OpenAlex)","kind":"deterministic","weight":0.5,"fraction":1.0,"signal":"OpenAlex id present","rationale":null}]},"A":{"name":"Accessible","score":70.0,"criteria":[{"key":"a_open_access","label":"Open Access / files deposited","kind":"deterministic","weight":1.5,"fraction":0.5,"signal":"files/OA location present but not flagged OA","rationale":null},{"key":"a_retrievable","label":"Free full text retrievable","kind":"deterministic","weight":1.0,"fraction":1.0,"signal":"3 OA location(s)","rationale":null}]},"I":{"name":"Interoperable","score":0.0,"criteria":[{"key":"i_linked_data","label":"Linked datasets / DataCite relations","kind":"deterministic","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"signal":"linked_datasets=0, datacite=0","rationale":null},{"key":"i_standard_ids","label":"References data via standard accessions","kind":"deterministic","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"signal":"accessions=0, trials=0","rationale":null}]},"R":{"name":"Reusable","score":25.0,"criteria":[{"key":"r_license","label":"Clear, open reuse license","kind":"deterministic","weight":1.5,"fraction":0.5,"signal":"license present (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor)","rationale":null},{"key":"r_downloads","label":"Demonstrated reuse (downloads)","kind":"deterministic","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"signal":"downloads=0","rationale":null},{"key":"r_version","label":"Versioned / maintained","kind":"deterministic","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"signal":"no version chain","rationale":null},{"key":"r_dataset","label":"Classified as a data resource","kind":"deterministic","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"signal":"not a dataset","rationale":null}]}},"suggestions":["Deposit the dataset in a DataCite-registered repository so it is discoverable.","Link the underlying datasets via DOIs / DataCite relations.","Reference data using standard accessions (e.g. GEO, PDB, ClinicalTrials.gov).","Maintain explicit versioning for the dataset.","Make the paper/data Open Access or deposit the files in an open repository."],"model":null,"agent_version":"fair_agent_v1","fulltext_source":"abstract_only"},"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":"fair_agent_v1","fair_fulltext_source":"abstract_only","fair_has_llm":false,"fair_computed_at":"2026-06-14T00:11:24.719245Z","clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}