{"doi":"10.1002/jmv.29628","title":"Antibody‐dependent enhancement (ADE) of SARS‐CoV‐2 in patients exposed to MERS‐CoV and SARS‐CoV‐2 antigens","abstract":"This study evaluated the potential for antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) in serum samples from patients exposed to Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Furthermore, we evaluated the effect of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination on ADE in individuals with a MERS infection history. We performed ADE assay in sera from MERS recovered and SARS-CoV-2-vaccinated individuals using BHK cells expressing FcgRIIa, SARS-CoV-2, and MERS-CoV pseudoviruses (PVs). Further, we analyzed the association of ADE to serum IgG levels and neutralization. Out of 16 MERS patients, nine demonstrated ADE against SARS-CoV-2 PV, however, none of the samples demonstrated ADE against MERS-CoV PV. Furthermore, out of the seven patients exposed to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination after MERS-CoV infection, only one patient (acutely infected with MERS-CoV) showed ADE for SARS-CoV-2 PV. Further analysis indicated that IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3 against SARS-CoV-2 S1 and RBD subunits, IgG1 and IgG2 against the MERS-CoV S1 subunit, and serum neutralizing activity were low in ADE-positive samples. In summary, samples from MERS-CoV-infected patients exhibited ADE against SARS-CoV-2 and was significantly associated with low levels of neutralizing antibodies. Subsequent exposure to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination resulted in diminished ADE activity while the PV neutralization assay demonstrated a broadly reactive antibody response in some patient samples.","journal":"Journal of Medical Virology","year":2024,"id":432182,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":15,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9669,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1225277,"name":"Maria K. Smatti","orcid":"0000-0002-7621-0130","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1236761,"name":"Haya Al‐Sulaiti","orcid":"0009-0001-5866-9351","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":918815,"name":"Hadeel T. Zedan","orcid":"0000-0002-9484-7290","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":724745,"name":"Ali H. Eid","orcid":"0000-0003-3004-5675","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":107479,"name":"Ali Ait Hssain","orcid":"0000-0002-7764-5793","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":48791,"name":"Laith J. Abu‐Raddad","orcid":"0000-0003-0790-0506","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1236762,"name":"Giusy Gentilcore","orcid":"0000-0003-3546-8642","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":416734,"name":"Allal Ouhtit","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1017238,"name":"Asmaa Althani","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1225286,"name":"Gheyath K. Nasrallah","orcid":"0000-0001-9252-1038","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1236763,"name":"Jean‐Charles Grivel","orcid":"0000-0003-0365-3181","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":347384,"name":"Hadi M. Yassine","orcid":"0000-0001-7592-2788","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1237239,"name":"Swapna Thomas","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":44,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:59:35.267142Z","pmid":"38682568","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}