{"doi":"10.1002/jmv.29183","title":"Viral codon optimization on SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike boosts immunity in the development of COVID‐19 mRNA vaccines","abstract":"Life-long persistent herpesviruses carry \"trans-inducers\" to overcome the unusual codon usage of their glycoproteins for efficient expression. Strikingly, this \"trans-inducibility\" can be achieved by simply changing the codon-usage of acute virus glycoproteins to that of persistent herpesvirus glycoproteins with herpesviral trans-inducer. Here, we apply the \"persistent viral codon-usage-trans-inducer\" principle to SARS-CoV-2 Spike mRNA vaccine platform, in which the codon-usage of Spike is changed to that of Herpes Simplex Virus-1 (HSV-1) glycoprotein B (gB) with its \"trans-inducer\" ICP27. The HSVgB-ICP27-codon-optimized Spike mRNA vaccine induced markedly high antigen expression and stability, total IgG, neutralizing antibody, and T cell response, ultimately enhancing protection against lethal SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Moreover, the HSVgB- codon-optimized Delta (B.1.617.2) strain Spike mRNA vaccine provided significant enhancements in antigen expression and long-term protection against SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Thus, we report a novel persistent viral codon-usage-trans-inducer mRNA vaccine platform for enhanced antigen expression and long-term protection against lethal viral infection.","journal":"Journal of Medical Virology","year":2023,"id":330112,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":16,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9506,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":653539,"name":"Do-Kyun Kim","orcid":"0000-0002-3284-7623","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1039061,"name":"Seokmin Kang","orcid":"0000-0002-4764-4191","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1053705,"name":"Kun Li","orcid":"0000-0002-8582-2913","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1039059,"name":"In–Ho Cha","orcid":"0000-0001-8259-2190","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1054377,"name":"Akimi Sasaki","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1053706,"name":"José Antonio Porras","orcid":"0000-0001-6418-1822","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":244664,"name":"Tian Xia","orcid":"0000-0002-0097-6949","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":107313,"name":"Jae U. Jung","orcid":"0000-0003-4559-8774","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":653543,"name":"Chih‐Jen Lai","orcid":"0000-0002-0355-7846","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":50,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:09:10.120703Z","pmid":"37861466","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}