{"doi":"10.1002/jmv.29137","title":"COVID‐19 mRNA vaccine, but not a viral vector‐based vaccine, promotes neutralizing anti‐type I interferon autoantibody production in a small group of healthy individuals","abstract":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines are highly effective but also induce adverse events, in particular, autoimmunity. Findings from several studies revealed that patients with life-threatening SARS-CoV-2 infection had increased, pre-existing, neutralizing antibodies against type I interferons (IFNs). However, whether COVID-19 vaccination induces the anti-type I IFN antibody remains unclear. In the current study, we evaluated plasma levels of 103 autoantibodies against various human self-antigens and 16 antibodies against viral antigens in healthy individuals pre- and post-COVID-19 vaccination. Twelve participants received a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna), and 8 participants received a viral vector-based vaccine (Janssen). All participants produced increased antibody levels against SARS-CoV-2 antigens following vaccination. Among the 103 autoantibodies, only plasma levels of IgG autoantibodies against type I IFNs increased in participants who received a mRNA vaccine (3/12), but not in those who received the viral vector-based vaccine (0/8) at postvaccination compared to pre-vaccination. Among the three individuals showing increased anti-IFN IgG following vaccination, both plasma samples and plasma-purified total IgGs showed a dose-dependent binding ability to IFN-α; two of the three showed neutralizing activity to IFN-α-2a-induced phosphorated STAT1 responses in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells postvaccination compared to baseline in vitro. Among the 103 autoantibodies tested, the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, but not the viral vector-based vaccine, specifically induced neutralizing anti-type I IFN autoantibodies in a small group of healthy individuals (~10%). Findings from this study imply that COVID-19 mRNA vaccines may suppress IFN-mediated innate immunity and impair immune defense through induced autoimmunity in some healthy individuals, who may need to switch to another type of COVID-19 vaccine (e.g., a viral vector-based vaccine).","journal":"Journal of Medical Virology","year":2023,"id":373547,"datarank":0.26876392038420827,"base_score":1.791759469228055,"endowment":1.791759469228055,"self_citation_contribution":0.26876392038420827,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.26876392038420827,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":5,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9479,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1134851,"name":"Xiaoting Wen","orcid":"0000-0002-7493-8574","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":227808,"name":"Xiaomei Cong","orcid":"0000-0002-4992-199X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":364404,"name":"Wei Jiang","orcid":"0000-0002-1374-053X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":495204,"name":"Wanli Xu","orcid":"0000-0001-5664-6685","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":49,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:16:07.080027Z","pmid":"37792386","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}