{"doi":"10.1002/jmri.29008","title":"Multisite <scp>MRI</scp> Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Repeatability and Reproducibility across <scp>3 T</scp> Scanners in a Breast Diffusion Phantom: A <scp>BReast</scp> Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Multisite (<scp>BRIMM</scp>) Study","abstract":"Background Monoexponential apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and biexponential intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) analysis of diffusion‐weighted imaging is helpful in the characterization of breast tumors. However, repeatability/reproducibility studies across scanners and across sites are scarce. Purpose To evaluate the repeatability and reproducibility of ADC and IVIM parameters (tissue diffusivity ( D t ), perfusion fraction ( F p ) and pseudo‐diffusion ( D p )) within and across sites employing MRI scanners from different vendors utilizing 16‐channel breast array coils in a breast diffusion phantom. Study Type Phantom repeatability. Phantom A breast phantom containing tubes of different polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) concentrations, water, fat, and sponge flow chambers, together with an MR‐compatible liquid crystal (LC) thermometer. Field Strength/Sequence Bipolar gradient twice‐refocused spin echo sequence and monopolar gradient single spin echo sequence at 3 T. Assessment Studies were performed twice in each of two scanners, located at different sites, on each of 2 days, resulting in four studies per scanner. ADCs of the PVP and water were normalized to the vendor‐provided calibrated values at the temperature indicated by the LC thermometer for repeatability/reproducibility comparisons. Statistical Tests ADC and IVIM repeatability and reproducibility within and across sites were estimated via the within‐system coefficient of variation (wCV). Pearson correlation coefficient ( r ) was also computed between IVIM metrics and flow speed. A P value &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results ADC and D t demonstrated excellent repeatability (&lt;2%; &lt;3%, respectively) and reproducibility (both &lt;5%) at the two sites. F p and D p exhibited good repeatability (mean of two sites 3.67% and 5.59%, respectively) and moderate reproducibility (mean of two sites 15.96% and 13.3%, respectively). The mean intersite reproducibility (%) of F p /D p /D t was 50.96/13.68/5.59, respectively. F p and D t demonstrated high correlations with flow speed while D p showed lower correlations. F p correlations with flow speed were significant at both sites. Data Conclusion IVIM reproducibility results were promising and similar to ADC, particularly for D t . The results were reproducible within both sites, and a progressive trend toward reproducibility across sites except for F p . Level of Evidence 2 Technical Efficacy Stage 1","journal":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging","year":2023,"id":344962,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":13,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9538,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":325483,"name":"Artem Mikheev","orcid":"0000-0002-1906-4894","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":353291,"name":"Varadan Sevilimedu","orcid":"0000-0002-0938-9396","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":899985,"name":"Nima Gilani","orcid":"0000-0002-6129-7763","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":4201,"name":"Linda Moy","orcid":"0000-0001-9564-9360","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":250549,"name":"Katja Pinker","orcid":"0000-0002-2722-7331","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":254405,"name":"Sunitha B. Thakur","orcid":"0000-0001-8090-3696","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":693443,"name":"Eric E. Sigmund","orcid":"0000-0001-6783-3611","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":899986,"name":"Dibash Basukala","orcid":"0000-0002-5820-866X","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":40,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:11:35.133818Z","pmid":"37702382","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}