{"doi":"10.1002/jlb.53.3.240","title":"Relationship between macrophage colony-stimulating factor production by uterine epithelial cells and accumulation and distribution of macrophages in the uterus of pregnant mice","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Estrogen and progesterone induce production of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1) by uterine epithelial cells, and CSF-1 is produced in the uterus during pregnancy in mice. CSF-1 is a lineage-specific stimulator of macrophage proliferation, chemotaxis, and function. High concentrations of macro-phages accumulate in the uterus during pregnancy. Ex-periments were conducted to determine whether a relationship exists between intrauterine CSF-1 production and the number and distribution of uterine macrophages during pregnancy in mice. The study demonstrated that on day 1 of pregnancy CSF-1 bioactivity levels were high. The number of macrophages in the uterus was also high on days 1 and 2, and macrophages were concentrated at epithelial surfaces. The decrease in CSF-1 bioactivity seen between days 1 and 2 was followed by a decrease in the macrophage concentration. An increase in CSF-1 bioac-tivity on day 4 was followed by an increase in the con-centration of intrauterine macrophages. During the im-mediate postimplantation period, macrophages were detected primarily in the myometrium and deep en-dometrium and CSF-1 bioactivity was undetectable. During the second half of pregnancy, when CSF-1 con-centrations were very high, the macrophage concentration was also very high and large numbers of macrophages were detected in association with epithelia. The data confirmed the existence of a direct relationship between intrauterine CSF-1 and macrophage accumulation and suggested that macrophages are attracted to epithelial surfaces by CSF-1. J. Leukoc. Biol. 53: 240–248; 1993.</jats:p>","journal":"Journal of Leukocyte Biology","year":1993,"id":606210,"datarank":0.5101796072493234,"base_score":3.4011973816621555,"endowment":3.4011973816621555,"self_citation_contribution":0.5101796072493234,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.5101796072493234,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":29,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":110304,"name":"Thomas Sanford","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1556027,"name":"Gary W Wood","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":795478,"name":"Mamata De","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Relationship between macrophage colony-stimulating factor production by uterine epithelial cells and accumulation and distribution of macrophages in the uterus of pregnant mice","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Estrogen and progesterone induce production of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1) by uterine epithelial cells, and CSF-1 is produced in the uterus during pregnancy in mice. CSF-1 is a lineage-specific stimulator of macrophage proliferation, chemotaxis, and function. High concentrations of macro-phages accumulate in the uterus during pregnancy. Ex-periments were conducted to determine whether a relationship exists between intrauterine CSF-1 production and the number and distribution of uterine macrophages during pregnancy in mice. The study demonstrated that on day 1 of pregnancy CSF-1 bioactivity levels were high. The number of macrophages in the uterus was also high on days 1 and 2, and macrophages were concentrated at epithelial surfaces. The decrease in CSF-1 bioactivity seen between days 1 and 2 was followed by a decrease in the macrophage concentration. An increase in CSF-1 bioac-tivity on day 4 was followed by an increase in the con-centration of intrauterine macrophages. During the im-mediate postimplantation period, macrophages were detected primarily in the myometrium and deep en-dometrium and CSF-1 bioactivity was undetectable. During the second half of pregnancy, when CSF-1 con-centrations were very high, the macrophage concentration was also very high and large numbers of macrophages were detected in association with epithelia. The data confirmed the existence of a direct relationship between intrauterine CSF-1 and macrophage accumulation and suggested that macrophages are attracted to epithelial surfaces by CSF-1. J. Leukoc. Biol. 53: 240–248; 1993.</jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":3.4011973816621555,"endowment":3.4011973816621555,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"8454947","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2185929110","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"NICHD NIH HHS","grant_id":"HD17678","title":null}],"total_grants":1,"fwci":1.1767,"citation_percentile":0.79246843,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2016,"count":3},{"year":2017,"count":1},{"year":2021,"count":1},{"year":2022,"count":1}],"oa_status":"closed","license":"https://academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fjlb.53.3.240","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://academic.oup.com/jleukbio/article-pdf/53/3/240/49769105/jlb0240.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jlb.53.3.240","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8454947","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Reproductive System and Pregnancy","Preterm Birth and Chorioamnionitis","Pregnancy and Medication Impact"],"mesh_terms":["Animals","Epithelial Cells","Female","Macrophages","Pregnancy","Pregnancy, Animal","RNA, Messenger","Uterus","Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor","Mice"],"keywords":["Macrophage","Macrophage colony-stimulating factor","Uterus","Biology","Endometrium","Myometrium","Internal medicine","Endocrinology","Andrology","Pregnancy","In vitro","Medicine","Biochemistry"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-30T04:06:33.101501Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}