{"doi":"10.1002/jhm.13002","title":"Antibiotic use and outcomes among children hospitalized with suspected pneumonia","abstract":"Abstract Background Although viral etiologies predominate, antibiotics are frequently prescribed for community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP). Objective We evaluated the association between antibiotic use and outcomes among children hospitalized with suspected CAP. Designs, Settings and Participants We performed a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort of children hospitalized with suspected CAP. Intervention The exposure was the receipt of antibiotics in the emergency department (ED). Main Outcome and Measures Clinical outcomes included length of stay (LOS), care escalation, postdischarge treatment failure, 30‐day ED revisit, and quality‐of‐life (QoL) measures from a follow‐up survey 7–15 days post discharge. To minimize confounding by indication (e.g., radiographic CAP), we performed inverse probability treatment weighting with propensity analyses. Results Among 523 children, 66% were <5 years, 88% were febrile, 55% had radiographic CAP, and 55% received ED antibiotics. The median LOS was 41 h (IQR: 25, 54). After propensity analyses, there were no differences in LOS, escalated care, treatment failure, or revisits between children who received antibiotics and those who did not. Seventy‐one percent of patients completed follow‐up surveys after discharge. Among 16% of patients with fevers after discharge, the median fever duration was 2 days, and those who received antibiotics had a 37% decrease in the mean number of days with fever (95% confidence interval: 20% and 51%). We found no statistical differences in other QoL measures. Conclusions In this propensity‐weighted analysis of children hospitalized with suspected CAP, there were no clinically significant differences in most outcomes based on ED antibiotic use. There is likely a small subset of children in whom antibiotics are beneficial, and better identification of those who benefit from antibiotics is needed.","journal":"Journal of Hospital Medicine","year":2022,"id":266841,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":9,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.7855,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":465180,"name":"Todd A. Florin","orcid":"0000-0002-4387-2605","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":325908,"name":"Angela Moss","orcid":"0000-0001-5546-605X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":494289,"name":"Krithika Suresh","orcid":"0000-0001-7785-3536","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":317044,"name":"Nidhya Navanandan","orcid":"0000-0002-5058-058X","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":283190,"name":"Sriram Ramgopal","orcid":"0000-0002-1389-5726","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":91698,"name":"Samir S. Shah","orcid":"0000-0001-7902-7000","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":466398,"name":"Richard M. Ruddy","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":242073,"name":"Allison Kempe","orcid":"0000-0002-0764-9334","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":465181,"name":"Lilliam Ambroggio","orcid":"0000-0002-6242-607X","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":922920,"name":"Jillian M. Cotter","orcid":"0000-0002-7978-9045","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":36,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:26:58.102271Z","pmid":"36380654","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}