{"doi":"10.1002/jeab.4223","title":"Experience with reduced‐nicotine cigarettes and whether this decreases smoking and substitution for full‐nicotine cigarettes","abstract":"Studies suggest that reduced-nicotine cigarettes decrease nicotine intake and dependence. However, questions remain about reduced-nicotine cigarette abuse liability, whether reduced-nicotine cigarette exposure lowers reduced- and full-nicotine cigarette use, and whether reduced-nicotine cigarettes substitute for full-nicotine cigarettes. This randomized, double-blind laboratory study used operant behavioral economics to examine abuse liability of cigarettes with varying nicotine content. Non-treatment-seeking smokers (N = 43) self-administered reduced- (5.2, 2.4, or 1.3 mg/g) and full-nicotine (15.8 mg/g) cigarettes before and after 3 weeks of at-home exposure. Participants were randomized to full-nicotine or one of the reduced-nicotine cigarettes to determine the effect of exposure on abuse liability and substitutability. Abuse liability was assessed in single-commodity sessions, and substitutability was measured in concurrent-commodity sessions. In the self-administration sessions, concurrently available reduced-nicotine cigarettes attenuated full-nicotine cigarette demand and rendered reduced-nicotine cigarettes partial substitutes for full-nicotine cigarettes. Exposure to study cigarettes for 3 weeks marginally reduced demand for reduced- and full-nicotine cigarettes irrespective of nicotine content. Results suggest a limited influence of nicotine content on smoking behavior in established smokers and highlight the role of nonpharmacological factors (e.g., taste/smell) on the maintenance of smoking. These results should be considered in determining whether a nicotine-reduction standard is a feasible path for reducing cigarette demand.","journal":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","year":2024,"id":505684,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9622,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":241954,"name":"Justin C. Strickland","orcid":"0000-0003-1077-0394","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":331359,"name":"Meredith S. Berry","orcid":"0000-0002-5526-7437","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":331358,"name":"Sean B. Dolan","orcid":"0000-0003-1828-9589","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":250995,"name":"David J. Cox","orcid":"0000-0003-4376-2104","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":241955,"name":"Matthew W. Johnson","orcid":"0000-0001-7068-0513","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":767831,"name":"Gideon P. Naudé","orcid":"0000-0001-9772-9313","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":65,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:10:47.170978Z","pmid":"39495162","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}