{"doi":"10.1002/jclp.23516","title":"Childhood exposure to parental threatening behaviors and anxiety in emerging adulthood: Indirect effects of perceived stress","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Although childhood exposure to parental threatening behaviors is associated with elevated anxiety in emerging adulthood, the underlying mechanisms remain unexplored. Perceived stress-a subjective experience comprised of feelings of helplessness (being unable to cope or exert control) and poor self-efficacy (confidence in one's ability to manage stressors)-is one candidate mechanism. The present investigation examined the underlying role of perceived stress in the association between childhood exposure to parental threatening behaviors and anxiety symptom severity in a sample of emerging adults. METHODS: = 18.75 years, SD = 1.05, range 18-24; 70.8% female) were recruited from a large state university and administered a battery of self-report questionnaires assessing constructs of interest. RESULTS: Structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses indicated that only greater childhood exposure to maternal threatening behaviors was directly associated with greater feelings of helplessness and lower self-efficacy. Furthermore, only childhood exposure to maternal threatening behaviors was indirectly associated with anxiety severity through greater feelings of helplessness and lower self-efficacy. In contrast, childhood exposure to paternal threatening behaviors was neither directly nor indirectly associated with anxiety severity. LIMITATIONS: Limitations include a cross-sectional design, use of self-report measures, and a nonclinical sample. Replicating these findings in a clinical sample and testing the hypothesized model in a longitudinal design is necessary. CONCLUSIONS: Findings underscore the need for intervention efforts that screen for and target perceived stress in emerging adults exposed to negative maternal parenting behaviors.","journal":"Journal of Clinical Psychology","year":2023,"id":366841,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":5,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9578,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":719023,"name":"Andres G. Viana","orcid":"0000-0001-5260-105X","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1123522,"name":"Elizabeth M. Raines","orcid":"0000-0003-3246-0389","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":709893,"name":"Haley E. Conroy","orcid":"0000-0002-0628-9701","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1123523,"name":"Karina Silva","orcid":"0000-0002-7083-7469","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":303752,"name":"Eric A. Storch","orcid":"0000-0002-7631-3703","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":376013,"name":"Michael J. Zvolensky","orcid":"0000-0002-1869-0906","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1110658,"name":"Erika S. Trent","orcid":"0000-0003-4775-5999","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":99,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:14:59.372548Z","pmid":"36971223","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}