{"doi":"10.1002/jat.4831","title":"Black Carbon, Oxidative Potential, and Zebrafish Toxicity: A Toxicological Study of PM <sub>2.5</sub> in Tennessee","abstract":"ABSTRACT Fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) is a threat to human health and varies by location. PM 2.5 can cause oxidative stress, leading to serious health outcomes, especially during development. Additionally, black carbon (BC), a PM 2.5 component, is associated with developmental issues. This study analyzes the oxidative potential (OP) of PM 2.5 and utilizes zebrafish to analyze the developmental impacts of PM 2.5 collected in 2 months from four locations in Tennessee. BC analysis was conducted on collected filters, while OP analysis was performed using the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay on extracted PM 2.5 . The extracted PM 2.5 (pooled based on months and locations) and controls (vehicle, field blank) were used for developmental exposures in zebrafish ( n = 33/treatment group). PM 2.5 and BC trended positively, and BC contribution in PM 2.5 ranged from 6% to 36%. There were no significant differences between sampling locations across months for PM 2.5 or BC. However, OP differed across locations and months, with significant differences between months at three out of our four locations. Zebrafish morphology was not altered following exposure to PM 2.5 , but significant differences in the swim distances were observed between treatments and control groups as well as between PM 2.5 ‐treated groups from different locations and months. The findings from this research provide insight into the oxidative and developmental effects of exposure to PM 2.5 and its components to ultimately support air pollution risk assessments incorporating mechanistic effects and subclinical biomarkers.","journal":"Journal of Applied Toxicology","year":2025,"id":533887,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9569,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1416503,"name":"TuNha Pham","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":411862,"name":"Courtney Roper","orcid":"0000-0003-3858-1560","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1390950,"name":"Voke Tonia Aminone","orcid":"0009-0000-8403-8783","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":110,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:51:43.451278Z","pmid":"40495471","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}