{"doi":"10.1002/hep.31839","title":"Risk of HCC With Hepatitis B Viremia Among HIV/HBV‐Coinfected Persons in North America","abstract":"Background and Aims Chronic HBV is the predominant cause of HCC worldwide. Although HBV coinfection is common in HIV, the determinants of HCC in HIV/HBV coinfection are poorly characterized. We examined the predictors of HCC in a multicohort study of individuals coinfected with HIV/HBV. Approach and Results We included persons coinfected with HIV/HBV within 22 cohorts of the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design (1995‐2016). First occurrence of HCC was verified by medical record review and/or cancer registry. We used multivariable Cox regression to determine adjusted HRs (aHRs [95% CIs]) of factors assessed at cohort entry (age, sex, race, body mass index), ever during observation (heavy alcohol use, HCV), or time‐updated (HIV RNA, CD4+ percentage, diabetes mellitus, HBV DNA). Among 8,354 individuals coinfected with HIV/HBV (median age, 43 years; 93% male; 52.4% non‐White), 115 HCC cases were diagnosed over 65,392 person‐years (incidence rate, 1.8 [95% CI, 1.5‐2.1] events/1,000 person‐years). Risk factors for HCC included age 40‐49 years (aHR, 1.97 [1.22‐3.17]), age ≥50 years (aHR, 2.55 [1.49‐4.35]), HCV coinfection (aHR, 1.61 [1.07‐2.40]), and heavy alcohol use (aHR, 1.52 [1.04‐2.23]), while time‐updated HIV RNA >500 copies/mL (aHR, 0.90 [0.56‐1.43]) and time‐updated CD4+ percentage <14% (aHR, 1.03 [0.56‐1.90]) were not. The risk of HCC was increased with time‐updated HBV DNA >200 IU/mL (aHR, 2.22 [1.42‐3.47]) and was higher with each 1.0 log 10 IU/mL increase in time‐updated HBV DNA (aHR, 1.18 [1.05‐1.34]). HBV suppression with HBV‐active antiretroviral therapy (ART) for ≥1 year significantly reduced HCC risk (aHR, 0.42 [0.24‐0.73]). Conclusion Individuals coinfected with HIV/HBV on ART with detectable HBV viremia remain at risk for HCC. To gain maximal benefit from ART for HCC prevention, sustained HBV suppression is necessary.","journal":"Hepatology","year":2021,"id":154640,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":62,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9468,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":626761,"name":"Craig Newcomb","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":655186,"name":"Dena M. Carbonari","orcid":"0000-0003-0310-270X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":247078,"name":"Jason Roy","orcid":"0000-0001-5178-4210","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":655187,"name":"Jessie Torgersen","orcid":"0000-0002-7861-1421","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":240243,"name":"Keri N. Althoff","orcid":"0000-0002-5068-6595","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":340159,"name":"Mari M. Kitahata","orcid":"0000-0002-5410-7175","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":40940,"name":"K. Rajender Reddy","orcid":"0000-0002-4898-7778","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":105795,"name":"Joseph K. Lim","orcid":"0000-0003-1126-8128","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":14779,"name":"Michael J. Silverberg","orcid":"0000-0001-9322-1395","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":280973,"name":"Ángel M. Mayor","orcid":"0000-0002-7705-837X","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":240247,"name":"Michael A. Horberg","orcid":"0000-0002-6971-7646","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":428437,"name":"Edward R. Cachay","orcid":"0000-0002-2452-7558","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":240255,"name":"Gregory D. Kirk","orcid":"0000-0002-7829-1405","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":626294,"name":"Jing Sun","orcid":"0000-0003-3741-0962","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":433755,"name":"Mark Hull","orcid":"0000-0002-9234-3531","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":240244,"name":"M. John Gill","orcid":"0000-0002-8546-8790","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":240257,"name":"Timothy R. Sterling","orcid":"0000-0002-4822-6979","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":265224,"name":"Jay R. Kostman","orcid":null,"position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":447013,"name":"Marion G. Peters","orcid":"0000-0002-1484-4752","position":19,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":240242,"name":"Richard D. Moore","orcid":"0000-0001-8250-5069","position":20,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":10897,"name":"Marina B. Klein","orcid":"0000-0002-3063-8430","position":21,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":463615,"name":"Vincent Lo Re","orcid":"0000-0001-7955-0600","position":22,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":496105,"name":"H. Nina Kim","orcid":"0000-0001-6710-9666","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":31,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:43:54.469024Z","pmid":"33780007","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}