{"doi":"10.1002/hep.28485","title":"Cancer Stem cells and their cellular origins in primary liver and biliary tract cancers","abstract":"<jats:p>Liver and biliary tract cancers are highly aggressive, are heterogeneous in their phenotypic traits, and result in clinical outcomes that are difficult to manage. Cancers have subpopulations of cells termed “cancer stem cells” (CSCs) that share common intrinsic signaling pathways for self‐renewal and differentiation with normal stem cells. These CSCs likely have the potential to evolve over time and to give rise to new genetically and functionally diverse subclones by accumulating genetic mutations. Extrinsic signaling from the tumor microenvironment, including the CSC niche, has been implicated in tumor initiation/progression and heterogeneity through dynamic crosstalk. CSCs have become recognized as pivotal sources of tumor initiation/progression, relapse/metastasis, and chemoresistance. <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusion</jats:italic>: The origins of CSCs are hypothesized to derive from the transformation of normal stem/progenitors and/or from the reprogramming of adult cells that converts them to stem/progenitor traits; however, the precise mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. (H<jats:sc>epatology</jats:sc> 2016;64:645‐651)</jats:p>","journal":"Hepatology","year":2016,"id":626607,"datarank":0.6716005221717312,"base_score":4.477336814478207,"endowment":4.477336814478207,"self_citation_contribution":0.6716005221717312,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.6716005221717312,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":87,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":539163,"name":"Tsunekazu Oikawa","orcid":"0000-0003-1365-5391","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Cancer Stem cells and their cellular origins in primary liver and biliary tract cancers","abstract":"<jats:p>Liver and biliary tract cancers are highly aggressive, are heterogeneous in their phenotypic traits, and result in clinical outcomes that are difficult to manage. Cancers have subpopulations of cells termed “cancer stem cells” (CSCs) that share common intrinsic signaling pathways for self‐renewal and differentiation with normal stem cells. These CSCs likely have the potential to evolve over time and to give rise to new genetically and functionally diverse subclones by accumulating genetic mutations. Extrinsic signaling from the tumor microenvironment, including the CSC niche, has been implicated in tumor initiation/progression and heterogeneity through dynamic crosstalk. CSCs have become recognized as pivotal sources of tumor initiation/progression, relapse/metastasis, and chemoresistance. <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusion</jats:italic>: The origins of CSCs are hypothesized to derive from the transformation of normal stem/progenitors and/or from the reprogramming of adult cells that converts them to stem/progenitor traits; however, the precise mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. (H<jats:sc>epatology</jats:sc> 2016;64:645‐651)</jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":4.477336814478207,"endowment":4.477336814478207,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"26849406","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2300335242","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology in Japan","grant_id":"15H06633","title":null},{"funder_name":"Uehara Memorial Foundation","grant_id":"","title":null}],"total_grants":2,"fwci":5.4722,"citation_percentile":0.97187853,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2016,"count":3},{"year":2017,"count":10},{"year":2018,"count":13},{"year":2019,"count":12},{"year":2020,"count":16},{"year":2021,"count":12},{"year":2022,"count":5},{"year":2023,"count":9},{"year":2024,"count":5},{"year":2025,"count":1},{"year":2026,"count":1}],"oa_status":"bronze","license":"http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://aasldpubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/hep.28485","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://aasldpubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/hep.28485","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fhep.28485","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/hep.28485","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/hep.28485","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://journals.lww.com/01515467-201608000-00033","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.28485","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26849406","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Cancer Cells and Metastasis","Liver physiology and pathology","Cholangiocarcinoma and Gallbladder Cancer Studies"],"mesh_terms":["Biliary Tract Neoplasms","Humans","Liver Neoplasms","Neoplastic Stem Cells","Tumor Microenvironment","Cellular Reprogramming"],"keywords":["Biliary tract cancer","Biliary tract","Cancer","Medicine","Cancer stem cell","Stem cell","Internal medicine","Cancer research","Oncology","Pathology","Biology","Genetics"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-04T14:31:05.847188Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}