{"doi":"10.1002/hbm.25248","title":"Predicting alcohol dependence from <scp>multi‐site</scp> brain structural measures","abstract":"To identify neuroimaging biomarkers of alcohol dependence (AD) from structural magnetic resonance imaging, it may be useful to develop classification models that are explicitly generalizable to unseen sites and populations. This problem was explored in a mega-analysis of previously published datasets from 2,034 AD and comparison participants spanning 27 sites curated by the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group. Data were grouped into a training set used for internal validation including 1,652 participants (692 AD, 24 sites), and a test set used for external validation with 382 participants (146 AD, 3 sites). An exploratory data analysis was first conducted, followed by an evolutionary search based feature selection to site generalizable and high performing subsets of brain measurements. Exploratory data analysis revealed that inclusion of case- and control-only sites led to the inadvertent learning of site-effects. Cross validation methods that do not properly account for site can drastically overestimate results. Evolutionary-based feature selection leveraging leave-one-site-out cross-validation, to combat unintentional learning, identified cortical thickness in the left superior frontal gyrus and right lateral orbitofrontal cortex, cortical surface area in the right transverse temporal gyrus, and left putamen volume as final features. Ridge regression restricted to these features yielded a test-set area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.768. These findings evaluate strategies for handling multi-site data with varied underlying class distributions and identify potential biomarkers for individuals with current AD.","journal":"Human Brain Mapping","year":2020,"id":78273,"datarank":0.5472628844716412,"base_score":2.9444389791664403,"endowment":2.9444389791664403,"self_citation_contribution":0.44166584687496613,"citation_network_contribution":0.10559703759667505,"self_endowment_contribution":0.44166584687496613,"citer_contribution":0.10559703759667505,"corpus_percentile":64.407828575849,"corpus_rank":4602,"citation_count":18,"citer_count":10,"citers_with_citation_signal":9,"citers_with_endowment":9,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":true,"is_dataset_confidence":0.5592,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":12.5,"fair_percentile":28.767960868236013,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":350391,"name":"Scott Mackey","orcid":"0000-0001-7817-7437","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":277535,"name":"Janna Cousijn","orcid":"0000-0002-7699-2582","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":388141,"name":"John J. Foxe","orcid":"0000-0002-4300-3098","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":285467,"name":"Andreas Heinz","orcid":"0000-0001-5405-9065","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":350386,"name":"Robert Hester","orcid":"0000-0003-0982-8026","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":408213,"name":"Kent E. Hutchinson","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":407290,"name":"Falk Kiefer","orcid":"0000-0001-7213-0398","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":352084,"name":"Ozlem Korucuoglu","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":107835,"name":"Tristram A. Lett","orcid":"0000-0002-0731-9626","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":320093,"name":"Chiang‐Shan R. Li","orcid":"0000-0002-9393-1212","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":385593,"name":"Edythe D. London","orcid":"0000-0003-3577-7808","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":350389,"name":"Valentina Lorenzetti","orcid":"0000-0002-5917-7068","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":407291,"name":"Maartje Luijten","orcid":"0000-0003-4158-4391","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":305066,"name":"Reza Momenan","orcid":"0000-0002-7624-9676","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":350387,"name":"Catherine Orr","orcid":"0000-0001-7042-8748","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":242790,"name":"Martin P. Paulus","orcid":"0000-0002-0825-3606","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":240735,"name":"Lianne Schmaal","orcid":"0000-0001-9822-048X","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":235364,"name":"Rajita Sinha","orcid":"0000-0003-3012-4349","position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":350384,"name":"Zsuzsika Sjoerds","orcid":"0000-0001-9467-3772","position":19,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":235059,"name":"Dan J. Stein","orcid":"0000-0001-7218-7810","position":20,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":291969,"name":"Elliot A. Stein","orcid":"0000-0003-0593-0269","position":21,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":350385,"name":"Ruth J. van Holst","orcid":"0000-0002-1184-9355","position":22,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":240749,"name":"Dick J. Veltman","orcid":"0000-0001-8971-4250","position":23,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":235063,"name":"Henrik Walter","orcid":"0000-0002-9403-6121","position":24,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":350390,"name":"Reínout W. Wiers","orcid":"0000-0002-4312-9766","position":25,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":350388,"name":"Murat Yücel","orcid":"0000-0002-4705-452X","position":26,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":51712,"name":"Paul M. Thompson","orcid":"0000-0002-4720-8867","position":27,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":109361,"name":"Patricia Conrod","orcid":"0000-0002-5570-481X","position":28,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":305482,"name":"Nicholas Allgaier","orcid":"0000-0002-9498-0200","position":29,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":285456,"name":"Hugh Garavan","orcid":"0000-0002-8939-1014","position":30,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":305480,"name":"Sage Hahn","orcid":"0000-0003-3560-2952","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":33,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T21:49:40.769098Z","pmid":"33064342","pmcid":"PMC8675424","fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":11.1111,"fair_a":0.0,"fair_i":20.0,"fair_r":41.6667,"fair_zscore":-0.8688,"fair_rationale":{"fair_score":12.5,"has_llm":true,"taxonomy_version":"fair_taxonomy_v5","dimensions":{"F":{"name":"Findable","score":11.11,"criteria":[{"key":"f_dataset_pid","label":"Persistent identifier for the data","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"No persistent identifier (DOI, Handle, ARK, or repository accession) is given for the dataset anywhere in the text.","anchors":["RDA-F1-01D — FAIR Data Maturity Model: 'Data is identified by a persistent identifier' (priorit","RDA-F1-02D — FAIR Data Maturity Model: 'Data is identified by a globally unique identifier'","FsF-F1-02D — F-UJI/FAIRsFAIR: 'Data is assigned a persistent identifier'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"f_repository_named","label":"Named repository","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":"rationale","grounded":false,"rationale":"The ENIGMA Addiction Consortium is named as holder, but it is not a data repository. [downgraded to 'no' — no verifiable quote from the paper] [majority verdict 'no' (3/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-F4-01M — FAIR Data Maturity Model: metadata is offered so it can be harvested and indexed (","NIH DMS Policy Element 4 (NOT-OD-21-014) — name the repository where data will be archived","NSTC Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories (2022) — 'Long-Term Sustainability', 'Reten"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"f_data_availability_statement","label":"Data-availability statement","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"Data Availability Statement: Data was gathered by the Enigma Addiction Consortium (https://www.enigmaaddictionconsortium.com/). Sharing data publically is not possible due to privacy concerns around protected information, but interested researchers should contact the Enigma Addiction Consortium for more information at enigma.addiction.consortium@gmail.com.","grounded":true,"rationale":"The data-availability statement points to a contact email and a website, not a repository record, thus it is category 1 (available on request from a person/organization). [majority verdict 'partial' (4/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["Colavizza, Hrynaszkiewicz, Staden, Whitaker & McGillivray (2020), 'The citation advantage of li","Springer Nature research data policy — Data Availability Statements: standard statement templat","RDA-F3-01M — metadata clearly and explicitly includes the identifier of the data it describes"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"f_discovery_metadata","label":"Description of the dataset as an object","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":"In total, we employ 150 different measurements representing cortical mean thickness (n = 68) and surface area (n = 68) along with subcortical volume (n = 14).","grounded":false,"rationale":"The dataset content is described in running prose without an itemised inventory section, table, or list. [downgraded to 'no' — no verifiable quote from the paper] [majority verdict 'no' (4/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-F2-01M — 'Rich metadata is provided to allow discovery' (priority Essential)","FsF-F2-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes descriptive core elements to support data findability'","FsF-R1-01MD — F-UJI: 'Metadata specifies the content of the data'"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"f_dataset_cited","label":"Dataset formally cited","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"No identifier for the dataset appears anywhere in the paper; the dataset is not cited in the reference list or body text.","anchors":["FORCE11 Joint Declaration of Data Citation Principles (2014) — data should be cited as a first-","RDA-F3-01M — metadata clearly and explicitly includes the identifier of the data it describes","FsF-F3-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes the identifier of the data it describes'"],"scored":true,"signal":null}]},"A":{"name":"Accessible","score":0.0,"criteria":[{"key":"a_data_openly_accessible","label":"Access route free of preconditions","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":"interested researchers should contact the Enigma Addiction Consortium for more information at enigma.addiction.consortium@gmail.com.","grounded":true,"rationale":"The only route to access the data is a discretionary request to the Enigma Addiction Consortium, which is not a followable route with a defined process.","anchors":["RDA-A1.1-01D — 'Data is accessible through a free access protocol'","FsF-A1-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata contains access level and access conditions of the data'","NSTC Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories (2022) — 'Free and Easy Access'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"a_access_conditions_stated","label":"Access level labelled","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":"rationale","grounded":false,"rationale":"No access-level label is applied to the data. [majority verdict 'no' (3/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["FsF-A1-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata contains access level and access conditions of the data'","RDA-A1-01M — metadata contains information to enable the user to get access to the data","COAR Controlled Vocabularies — Access Rights v1.0 (open / embargoed / restricted / metadata-onl"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"a_controlled_access_for_sensitive","label":"Gatekeeper for sensitive data","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":"rationale","grounded":false,"rationale":"The data are sensitive, and the gatekeeper is the ENIGMA Addiction Consortium, which is a third party but not a named institutional process. [downgraded to 'no' — no verifiable quote from the paper] [majority verdict 'no' (2/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["NIH Genomic Data Sharing Policy (NOT-OD-14-124) — controlled-access via a Data Access Committee","RDA-A1.2-01D — 'Data is accessible through an access protocol that supports authentication and ","NIH DMS Policy Element 5 (NOT-OD-21-014) — Access, Distribution, or Reuse Considerations (conse"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"a_timeline_retention","label":"Availability timing & retention","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"The paper does not state when the data are available or how long they persist; it only mentions that data cannot be shared publicly and provides a contact email.","anchors":["NIH DMS Plan Element 4 (NOT-OD-21-014) — Data Preservation, Access, and Associated Timelines","NSTC Desirable Characteristics (2022), Organizational Infrastructure: 'Retention Policy'","RDA-A2-01M — 'Metadata is guaranteed to remain available after data is no longer available'"],"scored":false,"signal":null}]},"I":{"name":"Interoperable","score":20.0,"criteria":[{"key":"i_open_nonproprietary_format","label":"Open file format","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"No file format is named for the released data; the data are not publicly available, so no format is specified.","anchors":["FsF-R1.3-02D — F-UJI: 'Data is available in a file format recommended by the target research co","RDA-R1.3-02D — data is expressed in a machine-understandable community standard","RDA-I1-01D — data uses a knowledge representation expressed in a standardised format"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"i_community_standard_vocabulary","label":"Community standard / vocabulary","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"No data or metadata community standard (e.g., MIAME, BIDS, GO) is named; only FreeSurfer and Desikan parcellation are mentioned, which are not community standards in the sense of FAIRsharing-registered standards. [majority verdict 'no' (2/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-R1.3-01M — 'Metadata complies with a community standard' (priority Essential)","RDA-R1.3-01D — 'Data complies with a community standard'","RDA-I2-01M — '(Meta)data use vocabularies that follow FAIR principles'"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"i_qualified_references","label":"Identifiers for the resources the data depend on","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"Code used in the evolutionary search, along with most postanalysis code is provided at https://github.com/sahahn/Alc_Dep.","grounded":true,"rationale":"The paper provides a URL for the study's own code, which is a resource other than the dataset, and also cites Mackey et al. 2019 (though without an explicit DOI in the text). [majority verdict 'yes' (4/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-I3-01M — '(meta)data include references to other (meta)data'","RDA-I3-03M — 'metadata includes qualified references to other metadata'","FsF-I3-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes links between the data and its related entities'"],"scored":false,"signal":null}]},"R":{"name":"Reusable","score":41.67,"criteria":[{"key":"r_reuse_license","label":"Reuse licence","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"No licence is stated for the dataset; the Creative Commons Attribution License applies only to the article, not the data.","anchors":["RDA-R1.1-01M — 'Metadata includes information about the licence under which the data can be reu","RDA-R1.1-02M — 'Metadata refers to a standard reuse licence'","RDA-R1.1-03M — 'Metadata refers to a machine-understandable reuse licence'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"r_provenance_methods","label":"Provenance of the data","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"Participants' structural T1 weighted brain MRI scans were first analyzed using FreeSurfer 5.3 which automatically segments 7 bilateral subcortical regions of interest (ROIs) and parcellates the cortex into 34 bilateral ROIs according to the Desikan parcellation.","grounded":true,"rationale":"The paper names the specific software (FreeSurfer 5.3) used to produce the data. [majority verdict 'yes' (4/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-R1.2-01M — 'Metadata includes provenance information according to community- specific standa","FsF-R1.2-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes provenance information about data creation or generati","W3C PROV-O (W3C Recommendation, 2013) — the entity/activity/agent model of provenance"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"r_documentation_codebook","label":"Documentation / codebook","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"No documentation object (README, codebook, data dictionary) is named, and variable definitions are not provided in a table or appendix within the article.","anchors":["RDA-R1-01M — '(Meta)data are richly described with a plurality of accurate and relevant attribu","FsF-R1-01MD — F-UJI: 'Metadata specifies the content of the data'","NIH DMS Policy Element 3 (NOT-OD-21-014) — Standards (documentation and metadata to accompany t"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"r_versioning","label":"Snapshot identified","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"No version token or date is provided for the dataset; the data are referred to without a snapshot identifier.","anchors":["DataCite Metadata Schema 4.6 — the 'Version' property","RDA-R1.2-01M — provenance information (which version was used is provenance)","NSTC Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories (2022) — 'Provenance', 'Retention Policy'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"x_code_availability","label":"Analysis code available","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"Code used in the evolutionary search, along with most postanalysis code is provided at https://github.com/sahahn/Alc_Dep.","grounded":true,"rationale":"A machine-resolvable code repository URL is given for the study's own code. [majority verdict 'yes' (4/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["NIH DMS Policy Element 2 (NOT-OD-21-014) — 'Related Tools, Software and/or Code'","FAIR4RS Principles v1.0 (Chue Hong et al., 2022; RDA/FORCE11/ReSA) — FAIR Principles for Resear","FORCE11 Software Citation Principles (Smith, Katz & Niemeyer, 2016, PeerJ CS 2:e86)"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"x_funding_attribution","label":"Funder and award number","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"This work was made possible by NIDA grant R01DA047119 awarded to Dr. Garavan.","grounded":true,"rationale":"The paper provides specific grant numbers (e.g., R01DA047119) attached to named funders. [majority verdict 'yes' (3/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["DataCite Metadata Schema 4.6 — 'FundingReference' property (funderName, funderIdentifier, award","Crossref Funder Registry — canonical funder identifiers for funding metadata","RDA-F2-01M — rich metadata provided to allow discovery (funding is part of the descriptive reco"],"scored":true,"signal":null}]}},"actions":[{"key":"f_dataset_pid","dimension":"F","label":"Persistent identifier for the data","action":"Mint or cite a persistent identifier for the dataset — a repository DOI or an accession from a registered repository — and print it in the paper. A bare URL is not persistent: it is the single most common cause of a dead data link five years after publication.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"No persistent identifier (DOI, Handle, ARK, or repository accession) is given for the dataset anywhere in the text.","gain":16.67,"priority":"essential","scored":true},{"key":"f_repository_named","dimension":"F","label":"Named repository","action":"Deposit the data in a repository registered in re3data/FAIRsharing (a domain repository such as GEO, SRA, dbGaP, PRIDE, or a generalist such as Zenodo, Dryad, Dataverse) and name it explicitly in the paper. A lab website is not an archive: it has no retention commitment and no accession.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":"rationale","why":"The ENIGMA Addiction Consortium is named as holder, but it is not a data repository. [downgraded to 'no' — no verifiable quote from the paper] [majority verdict 'no' (3/5 passes agreed)]","gain":16.67,"priority":"essential","scored":true},{"key":"a_data_openly_accessible","dimension":"A","label":"Access route free of preconditions","action":"Remove the precondition or justify it. Release the data at publication with no embargo, no registration wall, and no approval step — NIH's zero-embargo public- access rule (NOT-OD-25-101) has already made 'available at publication' the federal baseline for the article; the data should not lag behind it.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":"interested researchers should contact the Enigma Addiction Consortium for more information at enigma.addiction.consortium@gmail.com.","why":"The only route to access the data is a discretionary request to the Enigma Addiction Consortium, which is not a followable route with a defined process.","gain":16.67,"priority":"essential","scored":true},{"key":"r_reuse_license","dimension":"R","label":"Reuse licence","action":"Attach a standard, machine-readable open licence to the deposit — CC0 or CC BY, which is what Horizon Europe and most funders expect — and print the licence identifier in the paper. 'Free to use' is not a licence: it grants nothing a reuser's institution can rely on.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"No licence is stated for the dataset; the Creative Commons Attribution License applies only to the article, not the data.","gain":16.67,"priority":"essential","scored":true},{"key":"f_dataset_cited","dimension":"F","label":"Dataset formally cited","action":"Cite the dataset in the reference list like a publication — creator, year, title, repository, DOI/accession — and cite it in-text where it is used. Only a reference- list entry is machine-readable to Crossref/DataCite, and only a citation lets the data earn credit.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"No identifier for the dataset appears anywhere in the paper; the dataset is not cited in the reference list or body text.","gain":8.33,"priority":"important","scored":true},{"key":"i_open_nonproprietary_format","dimension":"I","label":"Open file format","action":"Release the data in an open, community-standard format (CSV/TSV, JSON, HDF5, NetCDF, FASTQ, VCF, NIfTI…) instead of — or alongside — any proprietary or instrument-native format, and name the format in the paper. A dataset that needs a €2,000 licence to open is not reusable.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"No file format is named for the released data; the data are not publicly available, so no format is specified.","gain":8.33,"priority":"important","scored":true},{"key":"r_versioning","dimension":"R","label":"Snapshot identified","action":"Version the deposit and cite the exact version analysed (a version-specific DOI, or an accession with its version suffix). A reader reproducing your work against 'the current release' is reproducing it against a different dataset.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"No version token or date is provided for the dataset; the data are referred to without a snapshot identifier.","gain":4.17,"priority":"useful","scored":true},{"key":"f_data_availability_statement","dimension":"F","label":"Data-availability statement","action":"Replace the statement with the repository template: name the repository and give the accession or DOI (Colavizza category 3). This is the only DAS class associated with a measured citation advantage; 'available on reasonable request' and 'within the article' are not.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"Data Availability Statement: Data was gathered by the Enigma Addiction Consortium (https://www.enigmaaddictionconsortium.com/). Sharing data publically is not possible due to privacy concerns around protected information, but interested researchers should contact the Enigma Addiction Consortium for more information at enigma.addiction.consortium@gmail.com.","why":"The data-availability statement points to a contact email and a website, not a repository record, thus it is category 1 (available on request from a person/organization). [majority verdict 'partial' (4/5 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"essential","scored":false},{"key":"f_discovery_metadata","dimension":"F","label":"Description of the dataset as an object","action":"Add a 'Data Records' section: itemise every file in the deposit and every variable or sample it holds, with counts and units. Describe the dataset as an object in its own right, not as a by-product of the findings — this is what makes it discoverable to someone who is not looking for your paper.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":"In total, we employ 150 different measurements representing cortical mean thickness (n = 68) and surface area (n = 68) along with subcortical volume (n = 14).","why":"The dataset content is described in running prose without an itemised inventory section, table, or list. [downgraded to 'no' — no verifiable quote from the paper] [majority verdict 'no' (4/5 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"essential","scored":false},{"key":"a_access_conditions_stated","dimension":"A","label":"Access level labelled","action":"State the access level in words, using the standard vocabulary: 'These data are open access' / 'These data are controlled access'. A reader — and a harvester — should not have to infer the access level from the presence of a download link.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":"rationale","why":"No access-level label is applied to the data. [majority verdict 'no' (3/5 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"important","scored":false},{"key":"i_community_standard_vocabulary","dimension":"I","label":"Community standard / vocabulary","action":"Adopt and NAME your domain's data standard — the minimum-information checklist, metadata schema, or ontology your community uses (MIAME/MINSEQE, ISA-Tab, BIDS, an OBO ontology, HL7 FHIR/OMOP) — and say which one you followed. A reporting checklist standardises your paper; it does nothing for your data.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"No data or metadata community standard (e.g., MIAME, BIDS, GO) is named; only FreeSurfer and Desikan parcellation are mentioned, which are not community standards in the sense of FAIRsharing-registered standards. [majority verdict 'no' (2/5 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"important","scored":false},{"key":"r_documentation_codebook","dimension":"R","label":"Documentation / codebook","action":"Ship a README and a data dictionary IN the deposit — every file, every variable, its units, its allowed values, its missing-value codes. It is the cheapest single thing that makes a dataset usable by someone who was not in the lab, and a table buried in the article does not travel with the data.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"No documentation object (README, codebook, data dictionary) is named, and variable definitions are not provided in a table or appendix within the article.","gain":0.0,"priority":"important","scored":false},{"key":"a_controlled_access_for_sensitive","dimension":"A","label":"Gatekeeper for sensitive data","action":"Route sensitive data through an institutional gatekeeper — deposit in a controlled- access repository (dbGaP, EGA) with a Data Access Committee and a published DUA — rather than through the corresponding author's inbox. An author-gated dataset dies with the author's email address, and 'on reasonable request' has been shown repeatedly not to yield data.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":"rationale","why":"The data are sensitive, and the gatekeeper is the ENIGMA Addiction Consortium, which is a third party but not a named institutional process. [downgraded to 'no' — no verifiable quote from the paper] [majority verdict 'no' (2/5 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"useful","scored":false},{"key":"a_timeline_retention","dimension":"A","label":"Availability timing & retention","action":"State when the data become available AND how long they will be retained — cite the repository's preservation policy. NIH DMS Element 4 asks for both; most papers give neither.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"The paper does not state when the data are available or how long they persist; it only mentions that data cannot be shared publicly and provides a contact email.","gain":0.0,"priority":"useful","scored":false}],"suggestions":["Mint or cite a persistent identifier for the dataset — a repository DOI or an accession from a registered repository — and print it in the paper. A bare URL is not persistent: it is the single most common cause of a dead data link five years after publication.","Deposit the data in a repository registered in re3data/FAIRsharing (a domain repository such as GEO, SRA, dbGaP, PRIDE, or a generalist such as Zenodo, Dryad, Dataverse) and name it explicitly in the paper. A lab website is not an archive: it has no retention commitment and no accession.","Remove the precondition or justify it. Release the data at publication with no embargo, no registration wall, and no approval step — NIH's zero-embargo public- access rule (NOT-OD-25-101) has already made 'available at publication' the federal baseline for the article; the data should not lag behind it.","Attach a standard, machine-readable open licence to the deposit — CC0 or CC BY, which is what Horizon Europe and most funders expect — and print the licence identifier in the paper. 'Free to use' is not a licence: it grants nothing a reuser's institution can rely on.","Cite the dataset in the reference list like a publication — creator, year, title, repository, DOI/accession — and cite it in-text where it is used. Only a reference- list entry is machine-readable to Crossref/DataCite, and only a citation lets the data earn credit."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash","agent_version":"fair_agent_v8","fulltext_source":"unpaywall_pdf"},"fair_model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash","fair_agent_version":"fair_agent_v8","fair_fulltext_source":"unpaywall_pdf","fair_has_llm":true,"fair_computed_at":"2026-07-20T11:58:25.308513Z","clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}