{"doi":"10.1002/hbm.25209","title":"Evaluating a novel <scp>MR‐compatible</scp> foot pedal device for unipedal and bipedal motion: <scp>Test–retest</scp> reliability of evoked brain activity","abstract":"The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a new, open-source MR-compatible device capable of assessing unipedal and bipedal lower extremity movement with minimal head motion and high test-retest reliability. To evaluate the prototype, 20 healthy adults participated in two magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) visits, separated by 2-6 months, in which they performed a visually guided dorsiflexion/plantar flexion task with their left foot, right foot, and alternating feet. Dependent measures included: evoked blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal in the motor network, head movement associated with dorsiflexion/plantar flexion, the test-retest reliability of these measurements. Left and right unipedal movement led to a significant increase in BOLD signal compared to rest in the medial portion of the right and left primary motor cortex (respectively), and the ipsilateral cerebellum (FWE corrected, p < .001). Average head motion was 0.10 ± 0.02 mm. The test-retest reliability was high for the functional MRI data (intraclass correlation coefficients [ICCs]: >0.75) and the angular displacement of the ankle joint (ICC: 0.842). This bipedal device can robustly isolate activity in the motor network during alternating plantarflexion and dorsiflexion with minimal head movement, while providing high test-retest reliability. Ultimately, these data and open-source building instructions will provide a new, economical tool for investigators interested in evaluating brain function resulting from lower extremity movement.","journal":"Human Brain Mapping","year":2020,"id":107619,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":6,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9589,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":516773,"name":"Ryan J. Downey","orcid":"0000-0002-0822-5488","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":516774,"name":"Julia P. Imperatore","orcid":"0000-0002-4242-6304","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":256598,"name":"Logan T. Dowdle","orcid":"0000-0002-1879-705X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":490576,"name":"Daniel H. Lench","orcid":"0000-0003-1491-8579","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":516775,"name":"John McLeod","orcid":"0000-0001-7215-2933","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":516776,"name":"Daniel M. McCalley","orcid":"0000-0001-8963-5413","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":287277,"name":"Chris M. Gregory","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":268054,"name":"Colleen A. Hanlon","orcid":"0000-0002-3151-0279","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":516772,"name":"Jade D. Doolittle","orcid":"0000-0002-1326-2507","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":33,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:12:34.898963Z","pmid":"33089953","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}