{"doi":"10.1002/ejp.1618","title":"Conditional expression of HIV‐1 tat in the mouse alters the onset and progression of tonic, inflammatory and neuropathic hypersensitivity in a sex‐dependent manner","abstract":"BACKGROUND: At least one-third of HIV-1-afflicted individuals experience peripheral neuropathy. Although the underlying mechanisms are not known, they may involve neurotoxic HIV-1 proteins. METHODS: in fibrillary acidic protein-expressing glia in the central and peripheral nervous systems. RESULTS: Tat induction significantly attenuated the time spent paw-licking following formalin injection (2.5%, i.pl.) in both male and female mice. However, significant sex differences were observed in the onset and magnitude of inflammation and sensory sensitivity following complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) injection (10%, i.pl.) after Tat activation. Unlike female mice, male mice showed a significant attenuation of paw swelling and an absence of mechanical/thermal hypersensitivity in response to CFA after Tat induction. Male Tat(+) mice also showed accelerated recovery from chronic constrictive nerve injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity compared to female Tat(+) mice. Morphine (3.2 mg/kg) fully reversed CCI-induced mechanical hypersensitivity in female Tat(-) mice, but not in Tat(+) females. CONCLUSIONS: The ability of Tat to decrease oedema, paw swelling, and limit allodynia suggests a sequel of events in which Tat-induced functional deficits precede the onset of mechanical hypersensitivity. Moreover, HIV-1 Tat attenuated responses to inflammatory and neuropathic insults in a sex-dependent manner. HIV-1 Tat appears to directly contribute to HIV sensory neuropathy and reveals sex differences in HIV responsiveness and/or the underlying peripheral neuroinflammatory and nociceptive mechanisms.","journal":"European Journal of Pain","year":2020,"id":101574,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":27,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9577,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":393939,"name":"Jason J. Paris","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":444427,"name":"Moriah Carper","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":497228,"name":"Rachel Wodarski","orcid":"0000-0002-1254-9418","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":497229,"name":"Andrew S.C. Rice","orcid":"0000-0001-9533-5636","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":392419,"name":"Pamela E. Knapp","orcid":"0000-0003-4364-6074","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":392421,"name":"Kurt F. Hauser","orcid":"0000-0001-7886-0332","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":357653,"name":"M. Imad Damaj","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":443292,"name":"Deniz Bağdaş","orcid":"0000-0002-7353-0155","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":102,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T22:40:22.678835Z","pmid":"32533878","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}