{"doi":"10.1002/eji.202350372","title":"<i>Plasmodium vivax</i> infection alters the peripheral immunoregulatory network of CD4 T follicular cells and B cells","abstract":"Abstract Regulatory and effector cell responses to Plasmodium vivax , the most common human malaria parasite outside Africa, remain understudied in naturally infected populations. Here, we describe peripheral CD4 + T‐ and B‐cell populations during and shortly after an uncomplicated P. vivax infection in 38 continuously exposed adult Amazonians. Consistent with previous observations, we found an increased frequency in CD4 + CD45RA − CD25 + FoxP3 + T regulatory cells that express the inhibitory molecule CTLA‐4 during the acute infection, with a sustained expansion of CD21 − CD27 − atypical memory cells within the CD19 + B‐cell compartment. Both Th1‐ and Th2‐type subsets of CXCR5 + ICOS hi PD‐1 + circulating T follicular helper (cTfh) cells, which are thought to contribute to antibody production, were induced during P. vivax infection, with a positive correlation between overall cTfh cell frequency and IgG antibody titers to the P. vivax blood‐stage antigen MSP1 19 . We identified significant changes in cell populations that had not been described in human malaria, such as an increased frequency of CTLA‐4 + T follicular regulatory cells that antagonize Tfh cells, and a decreased frequency of circulating CD24 hi CD27 + B regulatory cells in response to acute infection. In conclusion, we disclose a complex immunoregulatory network that is critical to understand how naturally acquired immunity develops in P. vivax malaria.","journal":"European Journal of Immunology","year":2023,"id":366963,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":5,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9514,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":261525,"name":"Nathália F. Lima","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1021367,"name":"Fernando Bandeira Sulczewski","orcid":"0000-0001-5611-6967","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":672967,"name":"Irene S. Soares","orcid":"0000-0002-3336-6856","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":290870,"name":"Marcelo U. Ferreira","orcid":"0000-0002-5293-9090","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":909142,"name":"Silvia Beatriz Boscardin","orcid":"0000-0002-7845-7110","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1123650,"name":"Natália Soares Ferreira","orcid":"0000-0001-7731-9317","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":51,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:14:59.372548Z","pmid":"37160134","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}