{"doi":"10.1002/ehf2.13213","title":"High-Protein vs. Standard-Protein Diets in Overweight and Obese Patients with Heart Failure and Diabetes Mellitus: Findings of the Pro-HEART Trial","abstract":"AIMS: The intermediate-term effects of dietary protein on cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese patients with heart failure and diabetes mellitus are unknown. We compared the effect of two calorie-restricted diets on cardiometabolic risk factors in this population. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this randomized controlled study, 76 overweight and obese (mean weight, 107.8 ± 20.8 kg) patients aged 57.7 ± 9.7 years, 72.4% male, were randomized to a high-protein (30% protein, 40% carbohydrates, and 30% fat) or standard-protein diet (15% protein, 55% carbohydrates, and 30% fat) for 3 months. Reductions in weight and cardiometabolic risks were evaluated at 3 months. Both diets were equally effective in reducing weight (3.6 vs. 2.9 kg) and waist circumference (1.9 vs. 1.3 cm), but the high-protein diet decreased to a greater extent glycosylated haemoglobin levels (0.7% vs. 0.1%, P = 0.002), cholesterol (16.8 vs. 0.9 mg/dL, P = 0.031), and triglyceride (25.7 vs. 5.7 mg/dL, P = 0.032), when compared with the standard-protein diet. The high-protein diet also significantly improved both systolic and diastolic blood pressure than the standard-protein diet (P < 0.001 and P = 0.040, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Both energy-restricted diets reduced weight and visceral fat. However, the high-protein diet resulted in greater reductions in cardiometabolic risks relative to a standard-protein diet. These results suggest that a high-protein diet may be more effective in reducing cardiometabolic risk in this population, but further trials of longer duration are needed.","journal":"ESC Heart Failure","year":2021,"id":162813,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":44,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9381,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":680597,"name":"Mini M. Jose","orcid":"0000-0002-8783-7537","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":680598,"name":"Hanaa S. Sallam","orcid":"0000-0003-3848-3055","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":680599,"name":"Hani Serag","orcid":"0000-0003-0014-2685","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":275501,"name":"George Golovko","orcid":"0000-0003-4609-2767","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":275505,"name":"Kamil Khanipov","orcid":"0000-0002-3881-737X","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":421232,"name":"Michèle A. Hamilton","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":97058,"name":"Gregg C. Fonarow","orcid":"0000-0002-3192-8093","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":606674,"name":"Lorraine S. Evangelista","orcid":"0000-0003-1708-4186","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":41,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:45:05.641178Z","pmid":"33502122","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}