{"doi":"10.1002/cph4.70011","title":"Tet Methylcytosine Dioxygenase 2 (<scp><i>TET2</i></scp>) Mutation Drives a Global Hypermethylation Signature in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (<scp>PAH</scp>): Correlation With Altered Gene Expression Relevant to a Common T Cell Phenotype","abstract":"Epigenetic changes in gene expression due to DNA methylation regulate pulmonary vascular structure and function. Genetic or acquired alterations in DNA methylation/demethylation can promote the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Here, we performed epigenome-wide mapping of DNA methylation in whole blood from 10 healthy people and 19 age/sex-matched PAH patients from the PAH Biobank. Exome sequencing confirmed the absence of known mutations in PAH-associated gene variants identifying subjects with or without mutations of TET2, a putative PAH gene encoding the demethylating enzyme, TET2. DNA of patients with PAH and no TET2 mutation was hypermethylated compared to healthy controls. Patients with PAH and a TET2 mutation had greater DNA CpG methylation than mutation-free PAH patients. Unique Differentially Methylated Regions (DMR) were more common in patients with PAH with TET2 mutations (1164) than in PAH without mutations (262). We correlated methylome findings with a public PAH transcriptomic RNA dataset, prioritizing targets that are both hypermethylated in our cohort and downregulated at the RNA level. Relative to controls, functional analysis reveals enriched functions related to T cell differentiation in PAH patients with a TET2 mutation. We identified genes with downregulated expression that were hypermethylated in PAH patients (with or without a TET2 mutation). In both cases, a conserved T cell phenotype emerged. Pan-chromosomal hypermethylation in PAH is greatest in patients with TET2 mutations. Observed hypermethylation of genes involved in the pathogenesis of PAH, such as EIF2AK4, and transcription factors that regulate T cell development, such as TCF7, merit further study and may contribute to the inflammation in PAH.","journal":"Comprehensive physiology","year":2025,"id":517335,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":8,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9576,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":270311,"name":"François Potus","orcid":"0000-0003-1745-6445","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":655083,"name":"Ruaa Al‐Qazazi","orcid":"0000-0003-0983-9745","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1384240,"name":"Benjamin P. Ott","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":270322,"name":"William C. Nichols","orcid":"0000-0003-1242-9237","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":270323,"name":"Michael J. Rauh","orcid":"0000-0002-8346-5537","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":270324,"name":"Stephen L. Archer","orcid":"0000-0003-1106-3202","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":765447,"name":"Charles C.T. Hindmarch","orcid":"0000-0002-6036-1292","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":61,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:48:59.410472Z","pmid":"40274312","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}