{"doi":"10.1002/ccd.31438","title":"Sex Differences in Patients Presenting With ST‐Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Nonobstructive Coronary Arteries","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Sex differences in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) due to obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) are well-established, but limited research exists on sex differences in STEMI patients with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) and MINOCA mimickers. METHODS: We analyzed 8560 consecutive STEMI patients, enrolled in the Midwest STEMI Consortium from 2003 to 2020. Patients with non-obstructive CAD were classified into MINOCA (defined as < 50% coronary artery stenosis and confirmed or suspected coronary artery plaque disruption, epicardial coronary spasm, or coronary embolism/thrombosis) and MINOCA mimickers (takotsubo cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, or non-ischemic cardiomyopathy). The primary outcome was 5-year all-cause mortality. RESULTS: Of the 8560 patients, 409 (4.8%) had non-obstructive CAD, including 120 (1.4%) MINOCA and 289 (3.4%) MINOCA mimickers. Females were more likely to have MINOCA and MINOCA mimickers (49.2% and 56.4%, respectively). There were no significant sex differences in in-hospital or 5-year mortality in MINOCA, but females with MINOCA mimickers had higher unadjusted 5-year mortality (HR 2.90, 95% CI 1.53-5.53). After adjusting for age and comorbidities, the long-term mortality risk was similar between sexes (adjusted HR 1.16, 95% CI: 0.61-2.24). Females with obstructive CAD had higher 5-year mortality in unadjusted models (HR 1.66, 95% CI 1.48, 1.86), but the difference was not significant after adjustment (adjusted HR 1.1, 95% CI: 0.98-1.24). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight important sex-based differences in the prevalence, treatment, and long-term outcomes of STEMI patients with MINOCA, MINOCA mimickers, and obstructive CAD. Despite clinical disparities, mortality risks were similar across sexes after adjusting for comorbidities.","journal":"Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions","year":2025,"id":551520,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":1,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.6725,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":861069,"name":"Madison Pico","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":353349,"name":"Timothy D. Henry","orcid":"0000-0003-1123-0533","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1447635,"name":"Seth Bergstedt","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1447234,"name":"Larissa Stanberry","orcid":"0000-0002-2388-0640","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":525021,"name":"Jenny Chambers","orcid":"0000-0001-6022-1719","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1447235,"name":"Ananya Shah","orcid":"0009-0000-4162-159X","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1447636,"name":"Lucas Volpenhein","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":944867,"name":"Rebekah Lantz","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1447236,"name":"Ross Garberich","orcid":"0000-0001-9470-4700","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1447637,"name":"Frank V. Aguirre","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":487963,"name":"Santiago García","orcid":"0000-0002-1806-6783","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1447237,"name":"Scott W. Sharkey","orcid":"0000-0002-7678-1742","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":447819,"name":"Odayme Quesada","orcid":"0000-0002-7285-5994","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":860281,"name":"Mehmet Yildiz","orcid":"0000-0002-4472-8461","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":32,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:54:25.065895Z","pmid":"39906977","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}