{"doi":"10.1002/cam4.6844","title":"Pan‐cancer analysis of <scp>TIM</scp>‐3 transcriptomic expression reveals high levels in pancreatic cancer and interpatient heterogeneity","abstract":"BACKGROUND: T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3), an immune checkpoint receptor, dampens immune function. TIM-3 antagonists have entered the clinic. METHODS: We analyzed TIM-3 transcriptomic expression in 514 diverse cancers. Transcript abundance was normalized to internal housekeeping genes and ranked (0-100 percentile) to a reference population (735 tumors; 35 histologies [high≥75 percentile rank]). Ninety tumors (17.5%) demonstrated high TIM-3 expression. RESULTS: TIM-3 expression varied between and within tumor types. However, high TIM-3 expression was more common in pancreatic cancer (20/55 tumors, 36.4%; odds ratio, 95% confidence interval (pancreatic vs. other tumors) = 3.176 (1.733-5.818; p < 0.001, multivariate]). High TIM-3 also significantly and independently correlated with high PD-L1 (p = 0.014) and high CTLA-4 (p < 0.001) transcriptomic expression (multivariate). CONCLUSIONS: These observations indicate that TIM-3 RNA expression is heterogeneous, but more common in pancreatic cancer and in tumors exploiting PD-L1 and CTLA-4 checkpoints. Clinical trials with patient selection for matched immune-targeted combinations may be warranted.","journal":"Cancer Medicine","year":2023,"id":345469,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":13,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.8785,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":108759,"name":"Razelle Kurzrock","orcid":"0000-0003-4110-1214","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1055330,"name":"Daisuke Nishizaki","orcid":"0000-0002-6746-3224","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1055331,"name":"Hirotaka Miyashita","orcid":"0000-0002-0433-9779","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":235241,"name":"Jacob J. Adashek","orcid":"0000-0003-4272-312X","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":235243,"name":"Suzanna Lee","orcid":"0000-0002-9502-4907","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1055332,"name":"Sarabjot Pabla","orcid":"0000-0002-7746-9144","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1055333,"name":"Mary Nesline","orcid":"0000-0003-0523-4597","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":322907,"name":"Jeffrey M. Conroy","orcid":"0000-0003-1764-9706","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1055334,"name":"Paul DePietro","orcid":"0000-0001-9072-0631","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":7922,"name":"Scott M. Lippman","orcid":"0000-0002-1643-4124","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":235228,"name":"Shumei Kato","orcid":"0000-0003-1193-1815","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1085482,"name":"Jungah Lim","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":31,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:11:39.484741Z","pmid":"38132831","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}