{"doi":"10.1002/bsa3.70047","title":"Psychometric evaluation of the Affiliate Stigma Scale for Asian Indian dementia family caregivers living in the United States","abstract":"Background: The Affiliate Stigma Scale measures the internalized stigma experienced by caregivers. Among Asian Indians, having a family member with dementia is sometimes perceived as punishment for past-life sins, underscoring the need for culturally relevant tools for measuring stigma. This study evaluated a shortened, culturally adapted version of the Affiliate Stigma Scale for Asian Indian dementia family caregivers in the United States. Methods: Surveys were completed by 222 caregivers, recruited through community and social networks. Analyses included descriptive statistics, reliability testing, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and construct validity. Results: The original 22-item scale showed poor model fit. Analyses supported a unidimensional 11-item version with good fit indices and excellent reliability. Known-groups validity was supported, with higher stigma scores among female versus male caregivers and among caregivers of South versus North Indian origin. Conclusion: This culturally adapted 11-item version is a valid and reliable instrument to assess affiliate stigma in Asian Indian American dementia family caregivers.","journal":"Alzheimer s & Dementia Behavior & Socioeconomics of Aging","year":2025,"id":580358,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9505,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":905191,"name":"Rula Btoush","orcid":"0000-0002-2702-5326","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1436056,"name":"Peijia Zha","orcid":"0000-0003-4864-692X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1290414,"name":"Olga Jarrín","orcid":"0000-0002-3349-476X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1491185,"name":"Anju Wadhawan","orcid":"0000-0002-7361-7402","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":37,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:58:38.868285Z","pmid":"41809971","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}