{"doi":"10.1002/art.42924","title":"Hydroxychloroquine Dose and Hospitalizations for Active Lupus","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the impact of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) dose on the risk of hospitalizations for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: We conducted a case-crossover study within an academic health system, including patients with SLE who used HCQ and had ≥1 hospitalization for active SLE between January 2011 and December 2021. Case periods ended in hospitalization for SLE, whereas control periods did not. The exposures were the average weight-based HCQ dose, categorized as ≤5 or >5 mg/kg/day, and non-weight-based HCQ dose, categorized as <400 or 400 mg/day, assessed during each six-month case or control period. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using conditional logistic regression and adjusted for prior disease activity, kidney function, glucocorticoid use, and other immunosuppressant use. RESULTS: Of 2,974 patients with SLE who used HCQ (mean age 36.5 years; 92% female), 584 had ≥1 hospitalization with primary discharge diagnosis of SLE. Of these, 122 had ≥1 hospitalization for active SLE while using HCQ and had ≥1 control period with HCQ use during the study period. Lower HCQ weight-based dose (≤5 vs >5 mg/kg/day) and non-weight-based dose (<400 vs 400 mg/day) were each associated with increased hospitalizations for active SLE (adjusted OR 4.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.45-12.19, and adjusted OR 3.39, 95% CI 1.31-8.81). CONCLUSION: The use of lower doses of HCQ was associated with an increased risk of hospitalizations for active SLE. Although the long-term risk of HCQ retinopathy must be acknowledged, this must be balanced with the short-term and cumulative risks of increased SLE activity.","journal":"Arthritis & Rheumatology","year":2024,"id":426025,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":18,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.8953,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":236763,"name":"Hyon K. Choi","orcid":"0000-0002-2862-0442","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":303841,"name":"Christian Mancini","orcid":"0000-0001-5671-0421","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1177073,"name":"Baijun Zhou","orcid":"0000-0003-2099-8974","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":254684,"name":"Yuqing Zhang","orcid":"0000-0001-7638-0888","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":55634,"name":"Karen H. Costenbader","orcid":"0000-0002-8972-9388","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":254681,"name":"April Jorge","orcid":"0000-0001-6935-880X","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1224832,"name":"Jacquelyn Nestor","orcid":"0000-0002-7787-5476","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":14,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:58:37.924718Z","pmid":"38831643","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}