{"doi":"10.1002/alz.70629","title":"Novel differentially expressed genes and multiple biological pathways for Alzheimer's disease identified in brain tissue from African American donors","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Few African American (AA) donors have been included in post mortem Alzheimer's disease (AD) studies compared to European-ancestry (EA) individuals. METHODS: We generated transcriptome-wide bulk pre-frontal cortex (PFC) gene expression data from 125 AA donors with neuropathologically determined AD and 82 AA controls. RESULTS: ). Comparison of findings with those from a recent gene expression study of EA brain donors revealed substantial concordance, including ADAMTS2. Other associations not observed in EA results may be especially relevant to AD risk in the AA population. Examination of AA AD GWAS-implicated variants identified several expression quantitative trait loci. CONCLUSION: This first large-scale AA brain AD gene expression study identified many differentially expressed genes, including ADAMTS2, and supports gene expression as a molecular pathway underlying the impact of several AA AD risk variants. HIGHLIGHTS: We performed the largest African American brain tissue Alzheimer's disease (AD) gene expression study. Expression differences for 482 genes, notably ADAMTS2, were study-wide significant. Many significant differentially expressed genes are involved in energy metabolism. Several previously known AD-associated variants in African Americans are eQTLs. These results advance knowledge of the genetic basis of AD in the AA population.","journal":"Alzheimer s & Dementia","year":2025,"id":529030,"datarank":0.17206561000979612,"base_score":1.0986122886681096,"endowment":1.0986122886681096,"self_citation_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citation_network_contribution":0.007273766709579673,"self_endowment_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citer_contribution":0.007273766709579673,"corpus_percentile":33.0548464454243,"corpus_rank":8655,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":2,"citers_with_citation_signal":1,"citers_with_endowment":1,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":true,"is_dataset_confidence":0.5372,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":50.0,"fair_percentile":62.702537450321,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":315210,"name":"Adam Labadorf","orcid":"0000-0002-0753-8992","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":793187,"name":"Nicholas K. O’Neill","orcid":"0000-0002-9953-9940","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":54753,"name":"Dennis W. Dickson","orcid":"0000-0001-7189-7917","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":96,"name":"Brittany N. Dugger","orcid":"0000-0003-2141-8855","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":93,"name":"Margaret E. Flanagan","orcid":"0009-0008-7078-3545","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":28993,"name":"Matthew P. Frosch","orcid":"0000-0002-3940-9861","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":279012,"name":"Marla Gearing","orcid":"0000-0002-1959-7412","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":276105,"name":"Lee‐Way Jin","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":98,"name":"Julia Kofler","orcid":"0000-0003-4298-7328","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":27608,"name":"Richard Mayeux","orcid":"0000-0001-6519-9696","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":271280,"name":"Ann C. McKee","orcid":"0000-0003-2961-7488","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":243812,"name":"Carol A. Miller","orcid":null,"position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":91825,"name":"Melissa E. Murray","orcid":"0000-0001-7379-2545","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":245009,"name":"Peter T. Nelson","orcid":"0000-0002-6161-1265","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":308303,"name":"Richard J. Perrin","orcid":"0000-0002-3443-7716","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":786080,"name":"Julie A. Schneider","orcid":"0000-0003-0756-5007","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":271281,"name":"Thor D. Stein","orcid":"0000-0001-6954-4477","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":7425,"name":"Andrew F. Teich","orcid":"0000-0002-1916-8490","position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1407793,"name":"Katarnut Tobunluepop","orcid":null,"position":19,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":107084,"name":"Juan C. Troncoso","orcid":"0000-0001-9553-6673","position":20,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":843709,"name":"Shih‐Hsiu J. Wang","orcid":"0000-0002-0358-8159","position":21,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":891535,"name":"Zihan Wang","orcid":"0000-0001-8193-7054","position":22,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":266497,"name":"Benjamin Wolozin","orcid":"0000-0003-2068-1475","position":23,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":261843,"name":"Jesse Mez","orcid":"0000-0003-1438-5442","position":24,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":27609,"name":"Lindsay A. Farrer","orcid":"0000-0001-5533-4225","position":25,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":264439,"name":"Mark W. Logue","orcid":"0000-0001-9347-7892","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":72,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:50:52.565868Z","pmid":"41059714","pmcid":"PMC12505200","fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":61.1111,"fair_a":50.0,"fair_i":20.0,"fair_r":25.0,"fair_zscore":0.6155,"fair_rationale":{"fair_score":50.0,"has_llm":true,"taxonomy_version":"fair_taxonomy_v5","dimensions":{"F":{"name":"Findable","score":61.11,"criteria":[{"key":"f_dataset_pid","label":"Persistent identifier for the data","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"RNA sequencing data are available at the National Institute on Aging Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease Data Storage Site (NIAGADS; https://www.niagads.org ).","grounded":true,"rationale":"The only identifier given is a web URL (https://www.niagads.org) which is not a persistent identifier scheme (no DOI, Handle, ARK, or repository accession). [majority verdict 'partial' (4/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-F1-01D — FAIR Data Maturity Model: 'Data is identified by a persistent identifier' (priorit","RDA-F1-02D — FAIR Data Maturity Model: 'Data is identified by a globally unique identifier'","FsF-F1-02D — F-UJI/FAIRsFAIR: 'Data is assigned a persistent identifier'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"f_repository_named","label":"Named repository","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"RNA sequencing data are available at the National Institute on Aging Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease Data Storage Site (NIAGADS; https://www.niagads.org ).","grounded":true,"rationale":"NIAGADS is a named data repository (a curated archive for Alzheimer's genetics data). [majority verdict 'yes' (3/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-F4-01M — FAIR Data Maturity Model: metadata is offered so it can be harvested and indexed (","NIH DMS Policy Element 4 (NOT-OD-21-014) — name the repository where data will be archived","NSTC Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories (2022) — 'Long-Term Sustainability', 'Reten"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"f_data_availability_statement","label":"Data-availability statement","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"RNA sequencing data are available at the National Institute on Aging Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease Data Storage Site (NIAGADS; https://www.niagads.org ).","grounded":true,"rationale":"The statement points to a repository (NIAGADS) but carries no accession, DOI, or persistent link to a specific record, so it does not qualify as a repository record per Colavizza category 3. [majority verdict 'partial' (4/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["Colavizza, Hrynaszkiewicz, Staden, Whitaker & McGillivray (2020), 'The citation advantage of li","Springer Nature research data policy — Data Availability Statements: standard statement templat","RDA-F3-01M — metadata clearly and explicitly includes the identifier of the data it describes"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"f_discovery_metadata","label":"Description of the dataset as an object","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"We generated transcriptome‐wide bulk pre‐frontal cortex (PFC) gene expression data from 125 AA donors with neuropathologically determined AD and 82 AA controls.","grounded":true,"rationale":"The dataset content is described in a single running‑prose sentence, not as an itemised inventory (section, table, or list of files/variables). [majority verdict 'partial' (4/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-F2-01M — 'Rich metadata is provided to allow discovery' (priority Essential)","FsF-F2-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes descriptive core elements to support data findability'","FsF-R1-01MD — F-UJI: 'Metadata specifies the content of the data'"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"f_dataset_cited","label":"Dataset formally cited","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"RNA sequencing data are available at the National Institute on Aging Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease Data Storage Site (NIAGADS; https://www.niagads.org ).","grounded":true,"rationale":"The dataset identifier/link appears only in the body text (data availability statement), not as a reference-list entry. [majority verdict 'partial' (3/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["FORCE11 Joint Declaration of Data Citation Principles (2014) — data should be cited as a first-","RDA-F3-01M — metadata clearly and explicitly includes the identifier of the data it describes","FsF-F3-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes the identifier of the data it describes'"],"scored":true,"signal":null}]},"A":{"name":"Accessible","score":50.0,"criteria":[{"key":"a_data_openly_accessible","label":"Access route free of preconditions","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"RNA sequencing data are available at the National Institute on Aging Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease Data Storage Site (NIAGADS; https://www.niagads.org ).","grounded":true,"rationale":"The data availability statement gives a repository URL with no stated precondition, implying unconditional availability. [majority verdict 'yes' (4/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-A1.1-01D — 'Data is accessible through a free access protocol'","FsF-A1-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata contains access level and access conditions of the data'","NSTC Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories (2022) — 'Free and Easy Access'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"a_access_conditions_stated","label":"Access level labelled","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"The paper does not label the access level of the data itself; only the article is labeled open access via CC BY-NC-ND, but that license applies to the article, not the data. [majority verdict 'no' (3/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["FsF-A1-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata contains access level and access conditions of the data'","RDA-A1-01M — metadata contains information to enable the user to get access to the data","COAR Controlled Vocabularies — Access Rights v1.0 (open / embargoed / restricted / metadata-onl"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"a_controlled_access_for_sensitive","label":"Gatekeeper for sensitive data","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"The paper names no gatekeeper for the sensitive human data; the DAS merely states 'available at NIAGADS' without specifying a Data Access Committee, IRB, or any other institutional gatekeeper. [majority verdict 'no' (3/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["NIH Genomic Data Sharing Policy (NOT-OD-14-124) — controlled-access via a Data Access Committee","RDA-A1.2-01D — 'Data is accessible through an access protocol that supports authentication and ","NIH DMS Policy Element 5 (NOT-OD-21-014) — Access, Distribution, or Reuse Considerations (conse"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"a_timeline_retention","label":"Availability timing & retention","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"The paper says nothing about when the data become available or how long they persist; no retention or timing commitment is made.","anchors":["NIH DMS Plan Element 4 (NOT-OD-21-014) — Data Preservation, Access, and Associated Timelines","NSTC Desirable Characteristics (2022), Organizational Infrastructure: 'Retention Policy'","RDA-A2-01M — 'Metadata is guaranteed to remain available after data is no longer available'"],"scored":false,"signal":null}]},"I":{"name":"Interoperable","score":20.0,"criteria":[{"key":"i_open_nonproprietary_format","label":"Open file format","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"The paper does not name any file format for the released RNA-seq data (e.g., FASTQ, BAM, counts matrix).","anchors":["FsF-R1.3-02D — F-UJI: 'Data is available in a file format recommended by the target research co","RDA-R1.3-02D — data is expressed in a machine-understandable community standard","RDA-I1-01D — data uses a knowledge representation expressed in a standardised format"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"i_community_standard_vocabulary","label":"Community standard / vocabulary","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"No community data/metadata standard (e.g., MIAME, MINSEQE, FAIRsharing-registered checklist) is named for the data; the paper only uses GO terms for analysis, not as a standard for the data itself. [majority verdict 'no' (2/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-R1.3-01M — 'Metadata complies with a community standard' (priority Essential)","RDA-R1.3-01D — 'Data complies with a community standard'","RDA-I2-01M — '(Meta)data use vocabularies that follow FAIR principles'"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"i_qualified_references","label":"Identifiers for the resources the data depend on","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"We examined the Genotype‐Tissue Expression (GTEx) Portal ( https://www.gtexportal.org/ accessed April 02, 2025)","grounded":true,"rationale":"The paper provides a URL for the GTEx Portal, an external resource used for comparison; this is a qualified reference to a resource other than the study's own dataset. [majority verdict 'yes' (3/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-I3-01M — '(meta)data include references to other (meta)data'","RDA-I3-03M — 'metadata includes qualified references to other metadata'","FsF-I3-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes links between the data and its related entities'"],"scored":false,"signal":null}]},"R":{"name":"Reusable","score":25.0,"criteria":[{"key":"r_reuse_license","label":"Reuse licence","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"No license or reuse terms are stated for the data; the CC BY-NC-ND license applies only to the article.","anchors":["RDA-R1.1-01M — 'Metadata includes information about the licence under which the data can be reu","RDA-R1.1-02M — 'Metadata refers to a standard reuse licence'","RDA-R1.1-03M — 'Metadata refers to a machine-understandable reuse licence'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"r_provenance_methods","label":"Provenance of the data","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"RNA was extracted from the PFC tissue using the Maxwell RSC simplyRNA Tissue Kit from Promega according to the manufacturer's instructions.","grounded":true,"rationale":"The paper names specific instruments, kits, and software (Maxwell RSC simplyRNA Tissue Kit, Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer, STAR, RSEM, etc.) used to produce the data. [majority verdict 'yes' (4/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-R1.2-01M — 'Metadata includes provenance information according to community- specific standa","FsF-R1.2-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes provenance information about data creation or generati","W3C PROV-O (W3C Recommendation, 2013) — the entity/activity/agent model of provenance"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"r_documentation_codebook","label":"Documentation / codebook","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"No README, data dictionary, codebook, or schema file is named as accompanying the data; variable definitions are not provided in the article either.","anchors":["RDA-R1-01M — '(Meta)data are richly described with a plurality of accurate and relevant attribu","FsF-R1-01MD — F-UJI: 'Metadata specifies the content of the data'","NIH DMS Policy Element 3 (NOT-OD-21-014) — Standards (documentation and metadata to accompany t"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"r_versioning","label":"Snapshot identified","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"Neither a version token nor a date is given for the dataset; the data are referred to without any snapshot identifier.","anchors":["DataCite Metadata Schema 4.6 — the 'Version' property","RDA-R1.2-01M — provenance information (which version was used is provenance)","NSTC Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories (2022) — 'Provenance', 'Retention Policy'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"x_code_availability","label":"Analysis code available","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"The paper does not mention any code availability; no locator (URL, DOI, or repository) for the study's own code is provided.","anchors":["NIH DMS Policy Element 2 (NOT-OD-21-014) — 'Related Tools, Software and/or Code'","FAIR4RS Principles v1.0 (Chue Hong et al., 2022; RDA/FORCE11/ReSA) — FAIR Principles for Resear","FORCE11 Software Citation Principles (Smith, Katz & Niemeyer, 2016, PeerJ CS 2:e86)"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"x_funding_attribution","label":"Funder and award number","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"This study was supported by National Institute of Health grants R01‐AG048927, U01‐AG058654, U54‐AG052427, U19‐AG068753, U01‐AG062602, P30‐AG072978, U01‐081230, P01‐AG003949, P30‐AG062677, P30‐AG062421; P30‐AG 066507, P30‐AG066511, P30‐AG 072972, P30‐AG066468, R01‐AG072474, RF1‐AG066107, U24‐AG056270, P01‐AG003949, RF1‐AG082339, RF1‐NS118584, P30‐AG072946; P01‐AG003991, P30‐AG066444, P01‐AG026276, P30‐AG066462, P30‐AG072958, and P30‐AG072978, and by Florida Department of Health awards 8AZ06 and 20A22.","grounded":true,"rationale":"Multiple NIH grant numbers and a state award number are explicitly listed in the acknowledgments. [majority verdict 'yes' (4/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["DataCite Metadata Schema 4.6 — 'FundingReference' property (funderName, funderIdentifier, award","Crossref Funder Registry — canonical funder identifiers for funding metadata","RDA-F2-01M — rich metadata provided to allow discovery (funding is part of the descriptive reco"],"scored":true,"signal":null}]}},"actions":[{"key":"r_reuse_license","dimension":"R","label":"Reuse licence","action":"Attach a standard, machine-readable open licence to the deposit — CC0 or CC BY, which is what Horizon Europe and most funders expect — and print the licence identifier in the paper. 'Free to use' is not a licence: it grants nothing a reuser's institution can rely on.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"No license or reuse terms are stated for the data; the CC BY-NC-ND license applies only to the article.","gain":16.67,"priority":"essential","scored":true},{"key":"f_dataset_pid","dimension":"F","label":"Persistent identifier for the data","action":"Mint or cite a persistent identifier for the dataset — a repository DOI or an accession from a registered repository — and print it in the paper. A bare URL is not persistent: it is the single most common cause of a dead data link five years after publication. For clinical / human-subjects data, deposit in dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA).","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"RNA sequencing data are available at the National Institute on Aging Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease Data Storage Site (NIAGADS; https://www.niagads.org ).","why":"The only identifier given is a web URL (https://www.niagads.org) which is not a persistent identifier scheme (no DOI, Handle, ARK, or repository accession). [majority verdict 'partial' (4/5 passes agreed)]","gain":8.33,"priority":"essential","scored":true},{"key":"i_open_nonproprietary_format","dimension":"I","label":"Open file format","action":"Release the data in an open, community-standard format (CSV/TSV, JSON, HDF5, NetCDF, FASTQ, VCF, NIfTI…) instead of — or alongside — any proprietary or instrument-native format, and name the format in the paper. A dataset that needs a €2,000 licence to open is not reusable.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"The paper does not name any file format for the released RNA-seq data (e.g., FASTQ, BAM, counts matrix).","gain":8.33,"priority":"important","scored":true},{"key":"x_code_availability","dimension":"R","label":"Analysis code available","action":"Publish the analysis code in a public forge, archive a tagged release with a DOI (Zenodo/Software Heritage), and cite that DOI in the paper. NIH DMS Element 2 asks for the tools and code, not only the data — and 'available on request' is not a locator. Archive the analysis code in a versioned repository (GitHub + a Zenodo release DOI).","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"The paper does not mention any code availability; no locator (URL, DOI, or repository) for the study's own code is provided.","gain":8.33,"priority":"important","scored":true},{"key":"f_dataset_cited","dimension":"F","label":"Dataset formally cited","action":"Cite the dataset in the reference list like a publication — creator, year, title, repository, DOI/accession — and cite it in-text where it is used. Only a reference- list entry is machine-readable to Crossref/DataCite, and only a citation lets the data earn credit. Cite the clinical / human-subjects repository accession (e.g. from dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA)) in the reference list.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"RNA sequencing data are available at the National Institute on Aging Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease Data Storage Site (NIAGADS; https://www.niagads.org ).","why":"The dataset identifier/link appears only in the body text (data availability statement), not as a reference-list entry. [majority verdict 'partial' (3/5 passes agreed)]","gain":4.17,"priority":"important","scored":true},{"key":"r_versioning","dimension":"R","label":"Snapshot identified","action":"Version the deposit and cite the exact version analysed (a version-specific DOI, or an accession with its version suffix). A reader reproducing your work against 'the current release' is reproducing it against a different dataset.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"Neither a version token nor a date is given for the dataset; the data are referred to without any snapshot identifier.","gain":4.17,"priority":"useful","scored":true},{"key":"f_data_availability_statement","dimension":"F","label":"Data-availability statement","action":"Replace the statement with the repository template: name the repository and give the accession or DOI (Colavizza category 3). This is the only DAS class associated with a measured citation advantage; 'available on reasonable request' and 'within the article' are not.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"RNA sequencing data are available at the National Institute on Aging Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease Data Storage Site (NIAGADS; https://www.niagads.org ).","why":"The statement points to a repository (NIAGADS) but carries no accession, DOI, or persistent link to a specific record, so it does not qualify as a repository record per Colavizza category 3. [majority verdict 'partial' (4/5 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"essential","scored":false},{"key":"f_discovery_metadata","dimension":"F","label":"Description of the dataset as an object","action":"Add a 'Data Records' section: itemise every file in the deposit and every variable or sample it holds, with counts and units. Describe the dataset as an object in its own right, not as a by-product of the findings — this is what makes it discoverable to someone who is not looking for your paper.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"We generated transcriptome‐wide bulk pre‐frontal cortex (PFC) gene expression data from 125 AA donors with neuropathologically determined AD and 82 AA controls.","why":"The dataset content is described in a single running‑prose sentence, not as an itemised inventory (section, table, or list of files/variables). [majority verdict 'partial' (4/5 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"essential","scored":false},{"key":"a_access_conditions_stated","dimension":"A","label":"Access level labelled","action":"State the access level in words, using the standard vocabulary: 'These data are open access' / 'These data are controlled access'. A reader — and a harvester — should not have to infer the access level from the presence of a download link.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"The paper does not label the access level of the data itself; only the article is labeled open access via CC BY-NC-ND, but that license applies to the article, not the data. [majority verdict 'no' (3/5 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"important","scored":false},{"key":"i_community_standard_vocabulary","dimension":"I","label":"Community standard / vocabulary","action":"Adopt and NAME your domain's data standard — the minimum-information checklist, metadata schema, or ontology your community uses (MIAME/MINSEQE, ISA-Tab, BIDS, an OBO ontology, HL7 FHIR/OMOP) — and say which one you followed. A reporting checklist standardises your paper; it does nothing for your data. In clinical / human-subjects, describe the data with OMOP CDM, CDISC SDTM or HL7 FHIR.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"No community data/metadata standard (e.g., MIAME, MINSEQE, FAIRsharing-registered checklist) is named for the data; the paper only uses GO terms for analysis, not as a standard for the data itself. [majority verdict 'no' (2/5 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"important","scored":false},{"key":"r_documentation_codebook","dimension":"R","label":"Documentation / codebook","action":"Ship a README and a data dictionary IN the deposit — every file, every variable, its units, its allowed values, its missing-value codes. It is the cheapest single thing that makes a dataset usable by someone who was not in the lab, and a table buried in the article does not travel with the data.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"No README, data dictionary, codebook, or schema file is named as accompanying the data; variable definitions are not provided in the article either.","gain":0.0,"priority":"important","scored":false},{"key":"a_controlled_access_for_sensitive","dimension":"A","label":"Gatekeeper for sensitive data","action":"Route sensitive data through an institutional gatekeeper — deposit in a controlled- access repository (dbGaP, EGA) with a Data Access Committee and a published DUA — rather than through the corresponding author's inbox. An author-gated dataset dies with the author's email address, and 'on reasonable request' has been shown repeatedly not to yield data. For sensitive/human clinical / human-subjects data, use a controlled-access repository such as dbGaP or EGA.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"The paper names no gatekeeper for the sensitive human data; the DAS merely states 'available at NIAGADS' without specifying a Data Access Committee, IRB, or any other institutional gatekeeper. [majority verdict 'no' (3/5 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"useful","scored":false},{"key":"a_timeline_retention","dimension":"A","label":"Availability timing & retention","action":"State when the data become available AND how long they will be retained — cite the repository's preservation policy. NIH DMS Element 4 asks for both; most papers give neither.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"The paper says nothing about when the data become available or how long they persist; no retention or timing commitment is made.","gain":0.0,"priority":"useful","scored":false}],"suggestions":["Attach a standard, machine-readable open licence to the deposit — CC0 or CC BY, which is what Horizon Europe and most funders expect — and print the licence identifier in the paper. 'Free to use' is not a licence: it grants nothing a reuser's institution can rely on.","Mint or cite a persistent identifier for the dataset — a repository DOI or an accession from a registered repository — and print it in the paper. A bare URL is not persistent: it is the single most common cause of a dead data link five years after publication. For clinical / human-subjects data, deposit in dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA).","Release the data in an open, community-standard format (CSV/TSV, JSON, HDF5, NetCDF, FASTQ, VCF, NIfTI…) instead of — or alongside — any proprietary or instrument-native format, and name the format in the paper. A dataset that needs a €2,000 licence to open is not reusable.","Publish the analysis code in a public forge, archive a tagged release with a DOI (Zenodo/Software Heritage), and cite that DOI in the paper. NIH DMS Element 2 asks for the tools and code, not only the data — and 'available on request' is not a locator. Archive the analysis code in a versioned repository (GitHub + a Zenodo release DOI).","Cite the dataset in the reference list like a publication — creator, year, title, repository, DOI/accession — and cite it in-text where it is used. Only a reference- list entry is machine-readable to Crossref/DataCite, and only a citation lets the data earn credit. Cite the clinical / human-subjects repository accession (e.g. from dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA)) in the reference list."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash","agent_version":"fair_agent_v8","fulltext_source":"epmc_xml"},"fair_model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash","fair_agent_version":"fair_agent_v8","fair_fulltext_source":"epmc_xml","fair_has_llm":true,"fair_computed_at":"2026-07-20T13:23:34.931725Z","clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}