{"doi":"10.1002/alz.14141","title":"Infection burden, periodontal pathogens, and their interactive association with incident all‐cause and Alzheimer's disease dementia in a large national survey","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Relationships and interplay of an infection burden (IB) and periodontal pathogens or periodontal disease (Pd) markers with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and all-cause dementia among US adults were examined. METHODS: Less than or equal to 2997 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Survey III were linked to CMS-Medicare [≥45 years (1988-1994); ≤30 years follow-up]. RESULTS: Hepatitis C (hazard ratio = 3.33, p = 0.004) and herpes simplex virus 2 were strongly associated with greater all-cause dementia risk. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus oralis were associated with greater AD risk at higher IB. The red-green periodontal pathogen cluster coupled with higher IB count increased the risk of all-cause dementia among minority racial groups. Pocket probing depth associated with dementia risk at lower IB in the overall sample. DISCUSSION: Select viruses and bacteria were associated with all-cause and AD dementia, while the IB interacted with Pd markers in relation to these outcomes. HIGHLIGHTS: Interplay of infection burden (IB) and periodontal disease with dementia was tested. ≤2997 participants from NHANES III were linked to Medicare. Hepatitis C and herpes simplex virus 2 strongly associated with dementia risk. Tetanus sero-positivity increased Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus oralis associated with AD at higher IB. Red-green periodontal cluster at high IB, increased dementia in racial minorities. Pocket probing depth associated with dementia risk at lower IB.","journal":"Alzheimer s & Dementia","year":2024,"id":421666,"datarank":0.7766646509033005,"base_score":3.4011973816621555,"endowment":3.4011973816621555,"self_citation_contribution":0.5101796072493234,"citation_network_contribution":0.26648504365397707,"self_endowment_contribution":0.5101796072493234,"citer_contribution":0.26648504365397707,"corpus_percentile":74.10845517134679,"corpus_rank":3348,"citation_count":29,"citer_count":27,"citers_with_citation_signal":15,"citers_with_endowment":15,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":true,"is_dataset_confidence":0.7986,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":247988,"name":"Hind A. Beydoun","orcid":"0000-0002-9704-328X","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1145076,"name":"Dawson W. Hedges","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":596074,"name":"Lance D. Erickson","orcid":"0000-0001-8996-3249","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1071023,"name":"Shawn D. Gale","orcid":"0000-0002-8989-0964","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":48759,"name":"Jordan Weiss","orcid":"0000-0002-0392-3535","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":248943,"name":"Ziad W. El‐Hajj","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":108724,"name":"Michele K. Evans","orcid":"0000-0002-8546-2831","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":22038,"name":"Alan B. Zonderman","orcid":"0000-0002-6523-4778","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":247987,"name":"May A. Beydoun","orcid":"0000-0002-1050-4523","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":72,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:57:41.370244Z","pmid":"39115027","pmcid":"PMC11497652","fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}