{"doi":"10.1002/alz.13078","title":"Impact of multivitamin‐mineral and cocoa extract on incidence of mild cognitive impairment and dementia: Results from the COcoa Supplement and Multivitamin Outcomes Study for the Mind (COSMOS‐Mind)","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: We assessed the effects of multivitamin-mineral and cocoa extract supplementation on incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and all-cause probable dementia. METHODS: COSMOS-Mind (N = 2262), a 2 × 2 factorial, randomized-controlled clinical trial administered a telephone-based cognitive battery at baseline and annually for 3 years. Incidence rates of MCI, and separately dementia, were compared among treatment arms with proportional hazards regression. RESULTS: Over 3 years, 110 incident MCI and 14 incident dementia cases were adjudicated. Incidence rates did not vary by assignment to multivitamin-mineral or cocoa extract (all p's ≥ 0.05); however, statistical power was low. When participants assigned to multivitamin-mineral versus placebo converted to MCI, their scores for global cognition (p = 0.03) and executive function (p < 0.001) were higher and had declined less relative to the previous year (p = 0.03 for global cognition; p = 0.004 for executive function). DISCUSSION: Multivitamin-mineral therapy may provide cognitive resilience, countering conversion to MCI, but not significantly reduce its incidence over 3 years. HIGHLIGHTS: Multivitamin-mineral supplementation did not reduce risks for cognitive impairment. Cocoa extract supplementation did not reduce risks for cognitive impairment. Multivitamin-mineral supplementation slowed cognitive declines for incident mild cognitive impairment.","journal":"Alzheimer s & Dementia","year":2023,"id":328882,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":21,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.5657,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":961401,"name":"Benjamin J. Williams","orcid":"0009-0004-7242-2613","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":295955,"name":"Sarah A. Gaussoin","orcid":"0000-0003-0850-7888","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":226594,"name":"Laura D. Baker","orcid":"0000-0002-6217-7384","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":11268,"name":"JoAnn E. Manson","orcid":"0000-0002-9426-7595","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":226606,"name":"Mark A. Espeland","orcid":"0000-0002-3711-1949","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":420934,"name":"Howard D. Sesso","orcid":"0000-0002-9698-9954","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":482247,"name":"Sally A. Shumaker","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":295954,"name":"Stephen R. Rapp","orcid":"0000-0002-9766-3104","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":295956,"name":"Bonnie C. Sachs","orcid":"0000-0002-9352-7033","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":22,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:08:56.940647Z","pmid":"37035889","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}