{"doi":"10.1002/alz.12717","title":"Rapid olfactory decline during aging predicts dementia and GMV loss in AD brain regions","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Longitudinal multivariable analyses are needed to determine if the rate of olfactory decline during normal cognition predicts subsequent Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnoses and brain dysmorphology. METHODS: Older adults (n = 515) were assessed annually for odor identification, cognitive function and dementia clinical diagnosis (max follow-up 18 years). Regional gray matter volumes (GMV) were quantified (3T MRI) in a cross-sectional subsample (n = 121). Regression models were adjusted for APOE-ε4 genotype, dementia risk factors and demographics. RESULTS: Faster olfactory decline during periods of normal cognition predicted higher incidence of subsequent MCI or dementia (OR 1.89, 95% CI: 1.26, 2.90, p < 0.01; comparable to carrying an APOE-ε4 allele) and smaller GMV in AD and olfactory regions (β = -0.11, 95% CI -0.21, -0.00). DISCUSSION: Rapid olfactory decline during normal cognition, using repeated olfactory measurement, predicted subsequent cognitive impairment, dementia, and smaller GMVs, highlighting its potential as a simple biomarker for early AD detection. HIGHLIGHTS: Rate of olfactory decline was calculated from olfactory testing over ≥3 time points. Rapid olfactory decline predicted impaired cognition and higher risk of dementia. Neurodegeneration on 3T magnetic resonance imaging was identical in those with olfactory decline and Alzheimer's disease.","journal":"Alzheimer s & Dementia","year":2022,"id":239542,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":49,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.7995,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":376318,"name":"S. Duke Han","orcid":"0000-0003-2453-9230","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":326654,"name":"Kristen Wroblewski","orcid":"0000-0001-9297-0394","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":327770,"name":"Martha K. McClintock","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":326655,"name":"Jayant M. Pinto","orcid":"0000-0003-2838-490X","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":865634,"name":"Rachel R. Pacyna","orcid":"0000-0003-1209-1563","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":47,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:22:41.699779Z","pmid":"35899859","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}