{"doi":"10.1002/alz.12473","title":"Assessing bidirectional associations between cognitive impairment and late age‐related macular degeneration in the Age‐Related Eye Disease Study 2","abstract":"INTRODUCTION: We aimed to investigate bidirectional associations between cognitive impairment and late age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS: Participants in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2) received annual eye examinations and cognitive function testing (e.g., Modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status [TICS-M]). We examined bidirectional associations between cognitive impairment (e.g., a TICS-M score < 30) and late AMD at 5 and 10 years. RESULTS: Five thousand one hundred eighty-nine eyes (3157 participants; mean age 72.7 years) were analyzed and followed for a median of 10.4 years. Eyes of participants with cognitive impairment at baseline were more likely to progress to late AMD at 5 years (hazard ratio [HR], 1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08-1.43) and 10 years (HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.05-1.37) than eyes of participants without cognitive impairment. Worse baseline AMD severity was not associated with developing cognitive impairment. DISCUSSION: Cognitive impairment is associated with late AMD progression in AREDS2. Our finding highlights the importance of eyecare for people with cognitive impairment.","journal":"Alzheimer s & Dementia","year":2021,"id":181651,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":16,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.8558,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":254973,"name":"Elvira Agrón","orcid":"0000-0002-2829-4042","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":254976,"name":"Tiarnán D L Keenan","orcid":"0000-0002-2253-1772","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":254975,"name":"Traci E. Clemons","orcid":"0000-0003-4865-7434","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":293445,"name":"Willa D. Brenowitz","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":55010,"name":"Kristine Yaffe","orcid":"0000-0003-0919-3825","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":54567,"name":"Emily Y. Chew","orcid":"0000-0003-0999-9802","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":452022,"name":"Jimmy T. Lê","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":49,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:48:05.146883Z","pmid":"34758100","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}