{"doi":"10.1002/alz.12229","title":"Nerve growth factor (NGF) pathway biomarkers in Down syndrome prior to and after the onset of clinical Alzheimer's disease: A paired CSF and plasma study","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The discovery that nerve growth factor (NGF) metabolism is altered in Down syndrome (DS) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains offered a framework for the identification of novel biomarkers signalling NGF deregulation in AD pathology. METHODS: We examined levels of NGF pathway proteins (proNGF, neuroserpin, tissue plasminogen activator [tPA], and metalloproteases [MMP]) in matched cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/plasma samples from AD-symptomatic (DSAD) and AD-asymptomatic (aDS) individuals with DS, as well as controls (HC). RESULTS: ProNGF and MMP-3 were elevated while tPA was decreased in plasma from individuals with DS. CSF from individuals with DS showed elevated proNGF, neuroserpin, MMP-3, and MMP-9. ProNGF and MMP-9 in CSF differentiated DSAD from aDS (area under the curve = 0.86, 0.87). NGF pathway markers associated with CSF amyloid beta and tau and differed by sex. DISCUSSION: Brain NGF metabolism changes can be monitored in plasma and CSF, supporting relevance in AD pathology. These markers could assist staging, subtyping, or precision medicine for AD in DS.","journal":"Alzheimer s & Dementia","year":2020,"id":63975,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":40,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9492,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":338699,"name":"M. Florencia Iulita","orcid":"0000-0002-3360-4498","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":340587,"name":"Adriana Ducatenzeiler","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":232595,"name":"Laura Videla","orcid":"0000-0002-9748-8465","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":232594,"name":"Bessy Benejam","orcid":"0000-0002-6789-8615","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":232593,"name":"María Carmona‐Iragui","orcid":"0000-0001-6914-2339","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":232614,"name":"Rafael Blesa","orcid":"0000-0003-4026-2884","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":27613,"name":"Alberto Lleó","orcid":"0000-0002-2568-5478","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":232591,"name":"Juan Fortea","orcid":"0000-0002-1340-638X","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":260655,"name":"A. Claudio Cuello","orcid":"0000-0003-2143-2745","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":340586,"name":"Rowan Pentz","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":97,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T21:12:32.635050Z","pmid":"33226181","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}