{"doi":"10.1002/adhm.202402358","title":"Mn and Zn‐Doped Multivariate Metal–Organic Framework as a Metalloimmunological Adjuvant to Promote Protection Against Tuberculosis Infection","abstract":"A first-in-class vaccine adjuvant delivery system, Mn-ZIF, is developed by incorporating manganese (Mn) into the zinc-containing zeolitic-imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8). The mixed metal approach, which allowed for tunable Mn doping, is made possible by including a mild reducing agent in the reaction mixture. This approach allows up to 50% Mn, with the remaining 50% Zn within the ZIF. This multivariate approach exhibits significantly decreased cytotoxicity compared to ZIF-8. The porous structure of Mn-ZIF enables the co-delivery of the STING agonist cyclic di-adenosine monophosphate (CDA) through post-synthetic loading, forming CDA@Mn-ZIF. The composite demonstrated enhanced cellular uptake and synergistic activation of the cGAS-STING pathway, producing proinflammatory cytokines and activating antigen-presenting cells (APCs). In a preclinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) model, CDA@Mn-ZIF formulates with the CysVac2 fusion protein elicited a potent antigen-specific T-cell response and significantly reduced the mycobacterial burden in the lungs of infected mice. These findings highlight the potential of CDA@Mn-ZIF as a promising adjuvant for subunit vaccines, offering a novel approach to enhancing vaccine efficacy and protection against infectious diseases such as tuberculosis.","journal":"Advanced Healthcare Materials","year":2024,"id":446103,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":7,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9503,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1262899,"name":"Sneha Kumari","orcid":"0000-0002-5245-7016","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1262900,"name":"Ryanne N. Ehrman","orcid":"0000-0002-7680-4537","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1263451,"name":"Jesse Masson","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":324900,"name":"Linda Izzo","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1235694,"name":"Trixie Wang","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1263452,"name":"Humera Gull","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1262901,"name":"Ikeda Trashi","orcid":"0000-0002-7894-1578","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1262902,"name":"Wendy Tang","orcid":"0009-0007-1004-1163","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1262903,"name":"Orikeda Trashi","orcid":"0000-0003-1042-4205","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1263453,"name":"Neha Satish","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":568979,"name":"Yalini H. Wijesundara","orcid":"0000-0002-4843-3687","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":568976,"name":"Fabian C. Herbert","orcid":"0000-0002-0543-7151","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":323926,"name":"Angelo Izzo","orcid":"0000-0003-3208-2330","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":568987,"name":"Jeremiah J. Gassensmith","orcid":"0000-0001-6400-8106","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1262898,"name":"Thomas S. Howlett","orcid":"0000-0002-0278-6700","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":85,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:01:50.465308Z","pmid":"39648542","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}