{"doi":"10.1002/adhm.202203163","title":"Cell‐Sized Lipid Vesicles as Artificial Antigen‐Presenting Cells for Antigen‐Specific T Cell Activation","abstract":"In this study, efficient T cell activation is demonstrated using cell-sized artificial antigen-presenting cells (aAPCs) with protein-conjugated bilayer lipid membranes that mimic biological cell membranes. The highly uniform aAPCs are generated by a facile method based on standard droplet microfluidic devices. These aAPCs are able to activate the T cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, showing a 28-fold increase in interferon gamma (IFNγ) secretion, a 233-fold increase in antigen-specific CD8 T cells expansion, and a 16-fold increase of CD4 T cell expansion. The aAPCs do not require repetitive boosting or additional stimulants and can function at a relatively low aAPC-to-T cell ratio (1:17). The research presents strong evidence that the surface fluidity and size of the aAPCs are critical to the effective formation of immune synapses essential for T cell activation. The findings demonstrate that the microfluidic-generated aAPCs can be instrumental in investigating the physiological conditions and mechanisms for T cell activation. Finally, this method demonstrates the feasibility of customizable aAPCs for a cost-effective off-the-shelf approach to immunotherapy.","journal":"Advanced Healthcare Materials","year":2023,"id":333603,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":22,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9483,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":410271,"name":"Sudhanshu Agrawal","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1012329,"name":"Hsiu‐Ping Yi","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1011798,"name":"Derek Vallejo","orcid":"0000-0003-3441-5848","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":294086,"name":"Anshu Agrawal","orcid":"0000-0002-3323-9152","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":579257,"name":"Abraham P. Lee","orcid":"0000-0001-8378-6616","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1011797,"name":"Jui‐Yi Chen","orcid":"0000-0001-7417-5100","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":85,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:09:44.297718Z","pmid":"36645182","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}